Gel electrophoresis is a process in which nucleic acids or other proteins are separated by way of an electrical current on the basis of size or weight. In gel electrophoresis DNA is cut to fragments by use of a special type of enzyme known as restriction endonuclease (such as EcoR1 and HindIII the enzymes used in our lab) of varying lengths. The restriction enzymes cut the DNA in what are called staggered cuts; cuts that are offset yet still divide the DNA into half with two long strands and two short strands called sticky ends. Then the DNA fragments are mixed with TBE buffer and this solution is placed in a thick gel composed of agarose and a polyacrylamide. Dissolving agarose powder in boiling water and then the letting the mixture creates a gel much the same as that found in Jell-O; a gel that hardens as it cools. Before the gel hardens, a comb is placed in the mixture. This comb creates "wells" in the gel that will be used to hold the DNA fragments After this, an electric current is applied to the gel creating a one end to have a positive charge and the other end to have a negative one. Since DNA contains a negative charge the fragments are attracted to the positive end. The smaller fragments move faster then the larger fragments. When the current shuts off the DNA fragments are spread across the gel with the longer fragments farthest away from the positive end and the shortest ends closest to it. The ideal gel and the results of our lab differed. This is because the "ideal gel" was denser which results in better separation. To obtain the same results as the "ideal gel we would have required more agarose solution.The fragments form a pattern almost resembling a bar code, each bar containing DNA fragments of a certain size. The location of these fragments indetify specific restriction fragments for scientists. Gel Electrphoresis is commonly used in law to prove whether suspects were present in a crime scene or not.