There were a series of factors that led to the rise of enduring political parties in the United States. The main factor in the development of the parties was Thomas Jefferson and Alexander Hamilton had opposing views. It started during the war between England and Spain. Hamilton, Washington's secretary of treasury, sided with England while Jefferson, Washington's secretary of state wanted to have neutrality with concessions. Following the war with England and Spain brought on many new conflicts when the war between England and France occurred. Hamilton again sided with the English because of his new financial program, which relied on English trade. Jefferson on the other hand sided with the French because he was over in France and became very well known with their culture, but he also thought that we should take advantage of both countries and see which one would make a better offer. While Jefferson and Hamilton were having their conflicts there was noticeable parties starting to form. The Republicans, which were made up of anti-federalists, were led by Alexander Hamilton. The Federalists, who were mainly from the north and lived in urban areas, wanted a broad interpretation of the law. The Republicans were mainly from the South and lived in rural areas wanted a strict interpretaion of the law. Washington, as president, thought that by being president you were above parties and that there was no need for them and they wouldn't last. Even though he was against them he tended to side with Hamilton more so then he did with Jefferson. Hamilton's four pillars were another factor in the rise of political parties. The South felt that the North's capital and credit accumulation was at their expense due to assumption. Hamilton's bank was almost completely invested by northern and European creditors and only benefited commerce and industry not agriculture.