Even though they are more penetrating, they can not penetrate the internal organs. The third and final of the three main types of radiation is Gamma Radiation. The difference between gamma and alpha/beta is that gamma rays are electromagnetic waves and not charged particles. Gamma rays are very similar to radio or light waves except that they have much more energy. Similarities all three; Gamma, alpha and beta, have are that they all come from the nucleus of a radioactive atom. Because gamma rays have no charge and no mass at all, they are able to penetrate deeply into materials.
The other types of radiation consist of Electron Capture and Internal Conversion, X-rays, and Neutron Radiation. Electron Capture and Internal Conversion Radiation is, of course, in two categories. The electron capture is a form of decay where a nucleus with too many protons captures its own electron from an outer orbit. As this happens, the number of protons in the nucleus is decreased by one and the number of neutrons is increased by one. The Internal Conversion is where an excited atom transfers its extra energy to an electron during orbit. This then ejects the electron from its orbit, which is very close to the excitation energy. The missing electron orbit will then be filled, thus leading to x-rays being produced. The next type of radiation is X-rays. X-rays have electrons that move around the nucleus in many fixed orbits. Each shell corresponds to a particular energy, which binds the electron to that certain shell. The closer the electron is to the nucleus, the higher the energy of binding there will be. When an absence happens in a shell due to a collision of some sort, a transition occurs where an electron in one shell it simply moves to another. This then causes the output of an electromagnetic ray to have the equal energy between the two shells. These rays are the characteristics of the type of atom, which is known as x-rays.