) There are two types of theory that explain the relationship between population and resources. One assumption is the pessimistic view. Pessimists believe that over-population will lead to famine and catastrophe. They suggest that the world will run out of vital resources as the population increases. This shortage is because the population reproduces faster then the food supplies can support. The natural environment can only support a limited population. .
The other type of theory is the optimistic view. Optimists believe that the population growth will stabilise and that technology will overcome problems of poverty and hunger. They suggest that as the population increases the technology will become improved which will support the population needs.
2.) There are many methods that humans have used to solve the problem of the in-balance of population and resources. In Mauritius there had been a rapid growth of the population in the 1950's because of a sharp decline in the death rate followed by a rise in the birth rate. This caused a great pressure on the economy, so the government of Mauritius had to find solutions to the in-balance of the population and resources. .
The Mauritius government developed many ways to solve the growing population crisis. The government introduced restricted early marriages, which reduced the number of teen births because fewer women were married. The government also improved the status of women and their education. This also reduced the number of births because the women had professional careers, so they were economically independent and had a high standard of living due to their high salaries. This made them less likely to have large families. The improved education also helped by making people become aware of the dangers of over-population. .
Another method that was carried out in Mauritius was introduced in China. China also had a population crisis but was a great deal more serious than in Mauritius.