When it came to the development of the government, political leaders found it virtually impossible to unite on their ideas concerning the structures and policies. The only issue in which all political leaders agreed on was the need for change in the American form of government. Following the drafting of the Constitution, two major political factions evolved: those in favor of ratification (Federalist) and those that opposed ratification (Anti-federalist). This marked the beginnings of a political battle amongst two politically powerful groups.
The Federalist Papers written jointly by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay became the most influential papers in attaining ratification of the Constitution. In the first essay, Hamilton tells readers to consider the new Constitution because the present form of government is insufficient. He states that it in is the interest of the people to adopt the Constitution, for he feels that it is the safest path to ensure liberty, dignity, and happiness (Retrieving the American Past, p.139-142). In "Federalist No. 10" Madison begins his essay by stating that one of the strongest argument in favor of the Constitution is the establishment of a government with the ability to control the violence and damages cause by political factions. Both supporters and opponent to the Constitution expressed their concern with faction. Madison states that factions are inevitable and thus must be dealt with. He argues that the new form of government is designed to control damages caused by factions (Retrieving the American Past, p. 147-150). "Federalist No. 51" was written to explain the republican form of government and how this proposed government makes liberty possible. He explains the importance of independence between the branches and the ability of one branch to check the powers of the other branches ensuring that one does not gain too much power (Retrieving the American Past, p.