In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries duels were used to solve disputes between men, but people were dying because the men used pistols to fight. Many people took up a fencing challenge as an alternative to a pistol duel. In the same era, fencing academies started sprouting up all over Europe and students were eager to join the academies because they offered academic classes as well as the chance to learn the techniques of fencing. Fencing was added to the list of Olympic games in 1896 and Hungarian masters dominated the sport much of the twentieth century.
Swords of Fencing.
Foil: the foil is the modern dueling version of the rapier, it is a flexible rectangular blade that is thirty-five inches long. It has a weight of less than one pound, and points can only be scored in the torso area of the body using the foil technique. The torso area is the shoulder to the groin.
Sabre: the sabre is basically designed like what we know as the modern cavalry sword. It is modeled similarly to the foil sword. The sabre is a slashing and a thrusting weapon. The target area with the foil is from the hips to the top of the head, which simulates a cavalry man on a horse.
The Piste.
Fencing takes place on what is called a Piste, a small court, that is exactly measured. The measurements of the Piste are, four and a half meters wide and fourteen and a half meters long. The Piste has a center line, and two on guard lines in between the center line and the end of the Piste on both sides of the center line. The fencers start on the on guard line and when the match begins the are free to travel around the Piste. If a fencer steps out of bounds the fencers reset on the on guard line and continue the bout. There are two back lines which are located at the end of the Piste and require at least two meters of vacant space so that if a fencer steps out of bounds he or she does not trip on anything. There are two warning lines that let a fencer know that there is only two meters of space from the warning line to the back line.