In the introduction to his translation of The Ramayana, R. Narayan writes, "It may sound hyperbolic, but I am prepared to state that every individual among the five hundred millions living in India is aware of the story of The Ramayana." The Hindu psyche is filled with ideals installed in it by the lessons of The Ramayana, presented by motives, actions, and reactions. Not only is the epic the blueprint for a perfect leader, but also a guidebook for the construction of masculine and feminine gender roles in ancient India. The Ramayana, which has had a decisive influence on Indian civilization, also contains underlying conflict concerning the illustrated society within the tale. The leading females in the tale-Sita, Soorpanaka and Kaikeyi-upon analysis seem to wrestle with patriarchy. Rather than letting society suppress their identity, they are able to manipulate the values of their patriarchal society to serve their own motives, which are often ones of establishing honor for themselves. .
The most iconic woman in The Ramayana is Sita, and her husband Rama is the patriarch she faces. After her return from Ravana's quarters-a social taboo-Rama has her jump into a cleansing fire to "honorour ancestors' codes and values" (Narayan 148-149). Rama's cruelty towards Sita and her quiet acceptance of it challenges Rama's image as an exemplary moral being. Even the gods become worried that Rama has lost sight of his identity (Narayan 150). This is the way Sita establishes an identity for herself: because burning is a way to ensure that only what is pure remains (DeVore), submitting to trial by fire does not signify surrender to male orders, but an act of defiance that makes the male look bad. Sita emerges a woman that even the god of fire could not harm, earning a greater dignity than she earned from resisting Ravana and remaining pure (Kishwar 306). In this, she comes out victorious, at the same time leaving a lasting stain on Rama's name.
Ramayana Themes: Woman's Roles In the early patriarchal societies Men dominated over the Aryan societies. ... Similar, male dominated, ideals are found in the "Ramayana," by R.K. Narayan. "The "Ramayana" commonly portrays women as weak-willed and emotional creatures and exulted wives who devoted themselves to their husbands." ...