2.2. Main Governmental Institutions.
The Directorate General, Factory Advice and Labour Institutes (DGFASLI) is to assist the Ministry Labour and Employment in formulating national policies on occupational safety and health in factories and docks (DGFASLI 2015). It also advises factories on various problems concerning safety, health, and efficiency. V.V. Giri National Labour Institute is an autonomous body of Ministry Labour and Employment (V.V. Giri National Labour Institute 2015). It is a national-level centre to research on training in labour and labour-related issues. The Institute has functions of training, research, publication, education, and consultancy on labour-related issues, which commit to enhancing the quality of work. It has also completed 30 research projects, which found the significance of employment growth. The National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sector (NCEUS) was set up to ministry small-scale industries (NCEUS 2015). Its role is an advisor for informal sectors. It also helps to improve the productivity of enterprises for large-scale employment opportunities creation, particularly in rural areas. It intervenes for skill development in the informal sectors.
2.3. Employment Legislation in India.
There are two main segments of Indian labour market, which are workers with privileges, such as job security in workplace and workers without privileges (Errol 2010). The characteristic of workers without privileges is lacking of professional employment training, and this kind of employees which without privileges are named as unorganized workers. In India, unorganized workers take a big part of the labour market and over half of them are outsiders. According to NCEUS(2007), more than 90 percent of the workers without privileges are working in non-agricultural industry, they do not write contracts with the companies and often be paid less than the social minimum wages.