The 1918 Representation of the People Act gave women over 30 the vote, however the vote was limited to around eight million women who were householders or married to householders1. An explanation as to why women were rewarded the vote has been deliberated amongst many historians, each with their own analysis. Traditional historians such as Arthur Markwick argue that participation and effort from women during WW1 was the main reason for women getting the vote2. It is believed that WW1 changed male opinions of women and the role they played in society. Some historians suggest that giving women the vote in 1918 was merely a 'thank you' for their previous efforts. However revisionists argue that this analysis is too naive and simplistic. Martin Pugh disputes the traditionalist view and believes that women were not granted the vote solely for participation in the war and states "The reforms of 1918 represented the conclusion of the attempts and manoeuvres of liberal and labour radicals for many years before 1914"3 Therefore there are other important factors to consider, such as, suffrage campaign groups (WSPU) and (NUWSS) and significantly the changing attitudes during this time. Therefore maintaining the importance of WW1 being a significant factor in women gaining the vote, this essay will argue that Martin Pugh's evaluation is more consistent and will provide a stable argument to prove that is the more accurate view. .
The outbreak of war in 1914 required the male population of Britain to fight for their country. This generated space in the Workforce at home, women were essential in order to maintain the stability of the country as well as support the war effort. This allowed women to gain employment in various industries: from secretarial jobs to making shells and ammunition and working in the health profession. Over two million women were involved in the war effort by 1915, and three years later around seven million women were volunteering in war work and maintaining the stability of the country.