Section 1 AJA 1999 established the Legal Services Commission, which is the body that replaced the Legal Aid Board, and is now the administering body. It is made up of 7 to 12 members appointed by the Lord Chancellor. Section 2 AJA 1999 allowed the CLS and the CDS to be created to replace the old civil and criminal schemes. Section 3 AJA 1999 provides the LSC with sufficient jurisdiction to undertake inquiries, to make contracts, loans and investments, and accordingly advise the Lord Chancellor. The CLS was established by s.4 AJA 1999, 'for the purpose of promoting the availability to individuals of services described as available under the civil justice system, and that individuals have access to services that effectively meet their needs'. To this end, s.5 AJA 1999 provides the budget for the LSC to maintain a CLS fund. The LSC funds these services by entering into contracts with solicitors by way of a franchise, which basically means that solicitors who have successfully secured the franchise must manage the fund given to them and justify their expenditure on the basis of each case handled by them. This transfers the burden to the solicitors to show that their case or cases should be funded. The aim of the LSC in introducing the franchise scheme was to secure value for money. Hence, if solicitors feel that the chance of success in a case is unlikely to materialize, they are deterred from expending money given to them by the LSC. This leads to effective fund management on the part of the solicitors.
It is interesting and intriguing to observe that in a review article by Yarrow in 2001 no horns were sounded echoing the success of the CLS. So, those who are ineligible for public funding have to pay privately for legal services, and this can be expensive, particularly in London. This therefore discourages people from pursuing their rights. For this reason, the Lord Chancellor has developed the conditional fee arrangement (CFA).
The inner logic of a capitalist system is resistant to any reform that threatens the viability of production. ... The paper will also include a brief overview of Russia's economic status. ... Gaddy, C.G. and Ickes, B.W. (1998: 1) say it best of Russia that it " showed early success in market reform, but progress has been slowed by widespread corruption, crime, and incompetence. ...
Once the probationary period was over the offender convinced the judge he was reformed and received a fine (Petersilia, 1997). ... This type of report is to inform the court of the offenders crime they have committed and its seriousness, the defendant's risk, the defendant's circumstances, a summary of the legally permissible sentencing options, and a recommendation for or against prison (Petersilia,1997). ... They are allowed representation which is why they end up back in our office applying for assistance from a public defender to aid them in the probation revocation hearing. ... ...
Later I will try to provide an overview of the trade relations and economy of Turkey prior to the Customs Union. ... (Ministry2) "In addition, within five years Turkey would have to adapt to EU legislation its own legal instruments relating to barriers to trade such as technical norms, standards, and sanity rules in industrial production. ... In order to deal with economic matters according to EU rules, Turkey had to launch legal reforms; these included legislative and administrative procedures for "the protection of intellectual, industrial, and commercial property rights" (Kramer 188). .....
The questions of whether stem cell research is legally permissible, scientifically promising and ethically proper are divisive as the Pope at the Vatican to the policy-makers on Capitol Hill contemplate and define life, the quality of life and the sanctity of life in a rapidly shifting world. STEM CELL RESEARCH OVERVIEW - WHAT ARE STEM CELLS?... LEGAL FRAMEWORK: Stem cell research is compelling as it promises to cure life-threatening diseases and insufferable human conditions that lead to incredible pain and affliction and a lesser quality of life; however, breaking scientific gro...
For instance, the Divorce Reform Act (1969) gave couples living in unhappy marriages, such as empty-shell marriages easier access to a divorce, increasing family diversity by creating a rise in lone parent families. ... For example, food, clothing and domestic appliances are purchased regularly in aid of running a household, whilst injecting money into the economy, later benefiting the Bourgeoisie on a much larger scale than benefiting the Proletariat. ... Homosexuality was once illegal in all states around the world, however now becoming more and more socially accepted, with much legal def...
Overview Australia suffered an economic softening during the late 20th century due to economic reform and global recession. ... Australia's ties with Asia and the Pacific Rim have become increasingly important because they contribute financial aid. ... Households and companies aided by cutting back on their spending. ... Employment Employment in the financial sector employs nearly 350,000 people, around 4% of the Australian workforce (approximately 10,000,000) with many more working in industries such as legal services, accounting, property and information technology. ...
Marijuana, Users, & What You Lose The topic of marijuana use is very broad and has an intricate effect on society as a whole, however, for the purpose of this paper; the literature review is based on facts covering a brief overview of the existence, use, and effect of marijuana. ...
It is also useful in reminding the original British logic in acquiring the territory to facilitate China trade and the PRC's hope for the HKSAR as an economic, not political, city (Yeung, 2001) The paper begins with a brief economic overview of Hong Kong's economy which provides a foundation for the analysis carried on in following sections. ... Brief Economic Overview Hong Kong is one of the most open, outward-looking economies in the world (www.info.gov.hk). ... Under the principle of "one country, two systems", the HKSAR has a high degree of legal and economic autonomy (Chan, 20...
The European Union prepared the 1996 Intergovernmental Conference on institutional reform. ... The basic overview of the history of the European Union also shows some of the obstacles that were over come in the European Unions throughout the past fifty years. ... Over the years, in response to economic developments, formal competence was extended to new areas such as research and technology, energy, the environment, development (foreign aid), education and training. ... Unlike most institutions attempted before the European Union, including the League of Nations which had more of a Utopian ...