With three out of every thirty children suffering from Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), it is crucial that we carefully examine the treatments offered for these disabilities, which are spreading slowly through out the youth society ("ADDitude: Living Well with Attention Deficit"). ADHD and ADD are mental disorders that are most prevalent in childhood, and cause hyperactivity and inattentive or impulsive behavior. The treatments for ADHD and ADD include stimulant medication, non-stimulant medication and behavioral therapy. The majority of children who are affected by ADHD or ADD rely on stimulant medications, rather than non stimulant medications or behavioral therapy to treat their disabilities. As the popularity of these medications rise, we must ask ourselves, are these stimulant drugs helpful or harmful to our children?.
Amphetamine and Methamphetamine.
The main chemicals that are used in the most commonly prescribed ADHD/ADD stimulant medicines are amphetamine and methamphetamine. According to Karla Fitzhugh, author of Crystal Meth and Other Amphetamines, amphetamine, which was first discovered in 1887 by a German chemist, is a synthetic stimulant that works to speed up the brain's activity. The drug effects the prefrontal cortex of the brain and stimulates the body's central nervous system by making the nerve cells in the brain produce large amounts of dopamine. By increasing the levels of dopamine in the user's brain, the user will temporally feel more alert and focused, highly energized and may experience a euphoric state. Amphetamines increase the speed of communication between the brain and the nervous system. .
Methamphetamine, discovered in 1893 by a Japanese chemist, effects the brain in the nearly the exact same ways as amphetamines (Fitzhugh 12). Both amphetamine medications such as Adderall, Adderall XR, Vyanse, Dextrostat, or Dexedrine and methamphetamine medications such as Concerta, Ritalin, Daytrana, Metadate or Methylin come in rapid release form and extended release form.