According to the World Health Organization philosophy, 'health is a fundamental right of every citizen; it is defined as a state of physical, psychological and spiritual wellbeing and not merely an absence of diseases'. In Jamaica, studies have shown that the population is affected by various health issues. Three main health issues that are deemed problematic in Jamaica are lack of medical supplies and equipment in medical facilities, common diseases based on poor lifestyle habits and shortage of medical caregivers and specialists. .
Shortage of medical supplies and equipment in medical facilities is one of the major issue in Jamaica's health sector. The lack of these equipment and supplies creates operational challenges for members of staff and patients. According, to an article written in the Gleaner entitled 'KPH (Kingston public Hospital) emergency: dirty, neglected 236 year old hospital struggling on' highlights the weaknesses of the facility and limited amount of critical human resources. At this medical facility there is a shortage of wheelchairs, beds, good quality linen and a variety of equipments. Absence of these resources at the hospital is a major challenge which hinders the delivery of safe, timely and effective treatments for critically ill people. These resources are relevant for the treatment of various diseases. .
One of the top health issues in Jamaica is various diseases arising as a result of lifestyle changes. According to WHO (World Health Organisation), one of the major health issues affecting Jamaica, comprise of various diseases such as cancer, diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular diseases and HIV/AIDs. These diseases have been the leading causes of death in Jamaica. For non-communicable diseases, 2009 figures show that approximately 60% of deaths among men and 75% of deaths among women. As it relates to HIV/AIDs, the prevalence rate in the population is 1.