In order to get a better understanding of ethical challenges, we must first know what ethics is. Ethics is defined as, a system of moral principles, the rules of conduct recognized in respect to a particular class of human actions or a particular group, culture, etc. (Dictionary). Simply put, ethics refers to standards of behavior that tell us how human beings ought to act in the many situations in which they find themselves. Ethics are not our feelings. Many people feel bad about doing something unethical, but then again some other people will feel good about doing the same thing. Ethics are not laws, they are not religion, and they are not science.
Ethical Standards.
If our ethics are not based on feelings, religion, law, accepted social practice, or science, what are they based on? "Many philosophers and ethicists have helped us answer this critical question. They have suggested at least five different sources of ethical standards we should use. " (Framework, 2009). The first ethical standard is the Utilitarian Approach. The Utilitarian Approach deals with the repercussions; it tries to increase the success and reduce the damage. The second ethical standard is the Rights Approach. "This approach starts from the belief that humans have a dignity based on their human nature or on their ability to choose freely what they do with their lives. " (Framework, 2009). People have the right to make their own choices about what kind of life to lead, not to be injured, to be told the truth, and to a degree of privacy.
The third ethical standard is the Fairness or Justice Approach. This approach goes along with the "Golden Rule, " that every individual is created equal and that you should treat others the way you want to be treated. The fourth ethical standard is the Common Good Approach. This approach suggests that the intertwining relationships of society are the basis of ethical reasoning and that respect and compassion for all others are essential to such reasoning.