Today, both Newton and Leibniz are given credit for developing calculus independently. It is Leibniz, however, who gave the new discipline its name. Newton called his calculus "the science of fluxions". Since the time of Leibniz and Newton, many mathematicians have contributed to the continuing development of calculus. In the 19th century, calculus was put on a much more rigorous footing by mathematicians such as Cauchy, Riemann, and Weierstrass. It was also during this period that the ideas of calculus were generalized to Euclidean space and the complex plane. Lebesgue further generalized the notion of the integral.
Calculus is a ubiquitous topic in most modern high schools and universities, and mathematicians around the world continue to contribute to its development.
Thereafter, calculus was actively used to solve the major scientific dilemmas of the time, such as:-.
Calculating the slope of the tangent line to a curve at any point along its length.
Determining the velocity and acceleration of an object given a function describing its position, and designing such a position function given the object's velocity or acceleration.
Calculating arc lengths and the volume and surface area of solids.
Calculating the relative and absolute extrema of objects, especially projectiles.
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The Historical men.
Archimedes:.
Archimedes is given credit for the first calculus. The best known of today' calculus was published by Newton. Newton's notation was improved to dx/dy notation by Leibnitz. Modern differential calculus on mean value theorem Archimedes is especially important for his discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and its circumscribing cylinder.