Crusades

            
             The time that the Crusades flourished was between 1095 to 1271. Major events that happen around the Crusades is the construction of the Cathedral at Chartres, France, which happen between 1100 to 1300. In 1150 the Angkor Wat is completed. From 1150 to 1167, the Universities of Paris and Oxford founded in France and England. In 1162 Thomas á Becket named Archbishop of Canterbury, murdered by Henry II's men in 1170. Troubadours glorify romantic concepts of feudalism. 1169 Ibn-Rushd begins translating Aristotle's works. In 1189 Richard I ("the Lionhearted-) succeeds Henry II in England, and was killed in France the year 1199, he succeeded by King John. 1211 Genghis Khan invades China, captures Peking in1214, he conquers Persia in 1218, and invades Russia in 1223, dies in 1227. In 1215 King John forced by barons to sign Magna Carta at Runneymede, limiting him royal power. 1231 The Inquisition begins as Pope Gregory IX assigns Dominicans responsibility for combating heresy. Ferdinand and Isabella establish Spanish Inquisition in 1478. Tourquemada, the Grand Inquisitor, forces conversion or expulsion of Spanish Jews in 1492. He forced conversion of Moors in 1499. The First Protestants were burned at the stake in Spain in 1543. The Spanish Inquisition was abolished in 1834. In 1241 the Mongols defeat Germans in Silesia, invade Poland and Hungary, withdraw from Europe after Ughetai, Mongol leader, dies. .
             The Crusades didn't start until the meeting at the end of a church council in Clermont, France on November 27, 1095. It was attended by archbishops, abbots, and a great number of knights. The pope addressed the people at the end of the council to go forth and rescue the Holy Sepulchre. Their was wonderful enthusiasm of cries of "God wills it!' they all rushed towards the pontiff to pledge themselves by the vow to depart for the Holy Land and receive the cross of red material to be worn on the shoulder.