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Reductionism vs Holism

 

Physicists have been able to isolate the basic parts of matter and from there, they believe that the key to a unified theory is based on those basic parts. .
             On the other end of the spectrum is holism. Holism is the view that to understand something, it must be understood as a whole. "The whole is primary, and once you understand the dynamics of the whole, you can then derive, at least in principle the properties and patterns of interaction of the parts," (Capra 328). Another take on holism is that "the image of the universe as a machine has been replaced by that of an interconnected, dynamic whole whose parts are essentially interdependent and have to be understood as patterns of cosmic process," (Capra 330). In order to understand the universe and what is going on in the universe, one has to realize that there is a whole to the universe and that it is made up of parts but it is more than the sum of it's parts. "By studying a tiny strand of fiber, we cannot possibly understand an entire tapestry," (Kaku 321). If one was took look at something so tiny within a huge structure, how is one ever to be able to understand completely the meaning of the structure?.
             Holism is also rewriting the way scientists will look at science. Previously, science was based on a foundation in which ideas and concepts were to be built onto the foundation. The problem with the foundation was that when anything revolutionary came about, the foundation would shift and everything would crash. The new look is that science is to be looked at as a network in which things are added and are self-consistent. .
             Even though holists haven't produced the theories that reductionists have, they claim that unified theory is not a reductionist theory. Holist point to how Einstein was a holist and that the reductionists thought he was crazy for trying to find a unified theory. Also, they cannot explain one key aspect of quantum mechanics, which was made by reductionists.


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