"Federalists Number 10", authored by James Madison, is where Madison argues for the brilliance of a republican democracy. He believes that one advantage of the Constitution is that it establishes a government capable of controlling the damage caused by factions. These groups of citizens who join together to protect and promote their own special economic interests and political views, frequently work against public interests and encroach on the rights of others.
Madison states there are two methods of removing the causes of factions: one by destroying the very liberty essential to its existence; the other, by giving to every citizen the same opinions, passions and interests. Factions arise because people are free to join together towards a common goal or interest. Though without freedom and liberty there would not be the problem of factions, we would have a society of imprisonment lacking individuality. Both remedies are extreme and would not be prudent, nor would either appeal to the American public. That is why Madison believes that one must take the vote of the majority and place it into the hands of the minority.
A pure democracy, one in which a society consisting of a small number of citizens ("the haves") who assemble and administer governement would prove no recourse for factions. Common interests. Wills, and passions would undoubtedbly be felt by the majority abd there is nothing in place to check the inducements to sacrifice the weaker party. Factions are born out of human nature and are, therefore, inevitable since people possess varying opinions and goals. .