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Down Syndrome

 


             of the 21st chromosome.
             Pre natal Testing.
             There are two types of procedures available to pregnant women: .
             screening tests and diagnostic tests. Screening tests estimate the risks that the .
             fetus is at risk for certain birth defects, specifically Down Syndrome, Trisomy.
             18, and Open Spina Bifida. Diagnostic tests tell whether or not the fetus .
             actually has the condition.
             The most commonly used screening tests are the Alpha-fetoprotien .
             (AFP), also known as the Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP), and the .
             Triple screen. Every pregnant woman is offered these tests but they are .
             optional. Both tests involve a blood draw from the mother's arm. Various .
             substances in the blood are measured for quantity. These substances are .
             produced by the mother's placenta and the fetus and include Alpha-fetoprotein, .
             Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG), and Un conjugated Estriol. They base .
             the tests on gestational age (accuracy of gestational age is essential for valid .
             interpretation), maternal age at term, maternal weight, race, and whether the .
             mother is diabetic. Tests are usually performed between 15-20 weeks and the .
             results should be back after about a week.
             These tests have high abnormal results (high or low) to prevent .
             missing a fetus with a defect. So a positive result does not necessarily mean .
             there is a birth defect in the fetus. The screening will detect 20-30% of affected .
             fetuses. Results are measured on two levels either high or low. High levels .
             signal an increased risk of neural tube defects and can include:.
             1. Spinal column defects (Spina Bifida).
             2. Anencephaly.
             3. Cysts on the end of the spine.
             4. Blockage in the Esophagus or Intestines.
             5. Liver disease causing liver cells to die.
             6. Defects in the abdominal wall.
             7. Kidney or Urinary track defects or disease.


Essays Related to Down Syndrome

1. Down's Syndrome

Down's Syndrome Each year, there are about three thousand to five thousand people who are diagnosed with Down's Syndrome. in the United States alone. The way in which Down's Syndrome occurs is when there is an abnormality in chromosome 21. Therefore, most people with Down's Syndrome have an extra 21 chromosome. ... People with Down's Syndrome have physical abnormalities and phsychological ones. ... In addition, there is alot of differenves with children who have Down syndrome. ...

  • Word Count: 894
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Grade Level: High School

2. Down Syndrome

DOWN SYNDROME Down Syndrome is a very serious disease. ... Down Syndrome was first discovered by a physician named John Langdon Down in 1866. ... John Langdon Down referred to the children with Down Syndrome "Mongoloids." ... People with Down Syndrome could mate a have children. ... If a person with Down Syndrome would mate, Down Syndrome could be passed to the offspring. ...

  • Word Count: 420
  • Approx Pages: 2
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

3. Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome What is Down syndrome? Everyone has heard of Down syndrome but does anyone really know what it is and the causes of Down syndrome. ... Trisomy 21 is the most common type of Down syndrome. 95% of people with Down syndrome have Trisomy 21. ... This occurs in about 3 to 4% of people with Down syndrome. ... Even though the cause of Down syndrome is not known, we know plenty to help us with dealing and helping people with Down syndrome. ...

  • Word Count: 445
  • Approx Pages: 2
  • Grade Level: High School

4. Down Syndrome

(Down Syndrome "The Psychology of Mongolism" pg. 4) Types of Down Syndrome Trisomy 21 is the most common form of Down Syndrome representing about 95 percent of all the cases. ... Translocation only occurs in about 4 percent of Down Syndrome Cases. ... (Motor Development of Down Syndrome Children pg.2) Not only do infants with Down Syndrome acquire motor skills at a slower rate, but there is a difference in the rate of development between infants with Down Syndrome who are institutionalized and those raised at home. (Motor Development of Down Syndrome Children pg. 3). ... (Motor Develo...

  • Word Count: 1316
  • Approx Pages: 5
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School

5. Down syndrome

DOWN SYNDROME Down syndrome is a chromosomal anomaly which usually causes delays in physical and intellectual development. Children with Down syndrome are not defective, they are just different. ... The exact cause and prevention of Down syndrome is unknown. ... There are three major types of Down syndrome. ... Children with Down syndrome are no different. ...

  • Word Count: 1358
  • Approx Pages: 5

6. Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome is a genetic condition caused by extra genes from the 21st chromosome. The extra genes cause certain characteristics that we know as Down Syndrome. ... So unless mental retardation is a symptom of Down Syndrome, their aren't any. ... People with Down Syndrome do not have normal life expectancies. ... There are not that many people that are affected with Down Syndrome. ...

  • Word Count: 385
  • Approx Pages: 2
  • Grade Level: High School

7. Down Syndrome

Before judging an individual with Down syndrome, it is important for everyone to know what Down syndrome is and what it encompasses. In 1866 an English doctor named John Langdon Down reported a few select characteristics that became known as Down syndrome. However, many people believe that Down syndrome has always existed. ... Translocation Down syndrome is not very common, only occurring in about 4% of Down syndrome cases. ... Down syndrome has changed over the years, in the past Down syndrome's health problems usually ended in premature death, whereas now most of the health problem...

  • Word Count: 1929
  • Approx Pages: 8

8. Down syndrome

Down syndrome can be determined during pregnancy, however the degree of Down syndrome cannot be determined until the child is born. ... Down syndrome is the most frequently occurring chromosomal abnormality in the world even though Down syndrome is not inherited by genetics but is a genetic defect that occurs randomly. ... Women over the age of thirty -five are more likely to have children with Down syndrome but eighty percent of children with Down syndrome are born to women under the age of thirty-five. ... The last and least common form of Down syndrome is Mosaicism affecting only 1% of the...

  • Word Count: 659
  • Approx Pages: 3
  • Grade Level: Undergraduate

9. Down Syndrome

One of the most common of these genetic disorders is Down syndrome. ... Down syndrome occurs when there is an abnormality in chromosome 21. ... WHAT IS DOWN SYNDROME? There are three main types of Down syndrome. ... However, 85% of Down syndrome cases are with mothers younger then 35. ...

  • Word Count: 956
  • Approx Pages: 4
  • Grade Level: High School

10. Down Syndrome

Not every child with Down syndrome has all the characteristics; some may only have a few, an others may show most of the signs of Down syndrome. Over a 120 features have been described in Down syndrome. ... Down Syndrome in Live Births by Single Year Maternal Age. ... Parents who have a child with Down syndrome have an increased risk of having another child with Down syndrome in future pregnancies. ... Children with translocation Down syndrome do not differ from children with trisomy 21 Down syndrome in the degree to which they are affected. ...

  • Word Count: 2977
  • Approx Pages: 12
  • Has Bibliography
  • Grade Level: High School