Corporations were able to increase production with the abundance of available workers and required long hours with very little pay. ... Long work hours and decreased pay, coupled with the increase in the cost of living caused the majority of laborers to struggle to support their families while watching the employing class prosper. ... Corporate leaders kept cutting wages and as a result, laborers began to unite and form unions to fight for better work conditions such as health and safety codes, shorter hours, and better wages. The formation of unions such as the Knights of Labor formed in 1869...

• Word Count: 501
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Marx says that we fetish money, worship it, we give this object of power that it really doesn't deserve and in the process of making money capitalist exploits the worker, working them longer hours and less pay. The capitalist works the laborer longer hours and pays him less money. ... If it took 40 hours to produce raw materials, and 30 hours direct labor, its value will be an equivalent amount of 70 hours of labor, but the worker puts in a 10 hour day even though it only takes 6 hours to produce a product, therefore the capitalist profits 4 hours each day, giving the capitalist his surpl...

• Word Count: 1191
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

Many people worked long hours for little pay. ... A good Idea on How to approach this is to eliminate owners and bosses of companies, this way workers can get the profits they make, set their own work hours, and benefit from their hard works as they please. ... All shall pass through the same general routine of education, domestic teaching and employment" During the industrial revolution in Britain, once the government had intervened slightly, kids were required to have schooling for two hours a day. This schooling didn't help the kids much, this was because it was limited and they ...

• Word Count: 1197
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

In the early 1930's, the Great Depression left an astounding number of Americans stranded in a sea of economic collapse. People were unemployed, lacking money to fulfill simple needs. After Roosevelt was inaugurated, he promised a "New Deal" which would rid the effects of the depression. However, t...

• Word Count: 266
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The example Marx uses to explain profit: If labor works for 8 hours a day, according to Marx's the first 4 hours create the value to pay the wages of the worker (necessary labor). The further 4 hours is surplus labor. ...

• Word Count: 750
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

The first effective law, the Factory Act of 1833, forbade the employment of children under the age of 9 and limited to 12 hours the workday of persons between the ages of 13 and 18. ... In 1847 the workday of children aged 13-18 was limited to 10 hours. ... This meant that in the summer workers, including young children, worked 14 hours per day. ...

• Word Count: 869
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

The simple calculations (4 journeys per 8-hour work shift; income from a journey - maximum 3000 dram; 4*3000 dram = 12000 dram) show that income under normal conditions of work and without the above permitted standard passengers, is practically impossible. To earn this sum the drivers contrary to the labor legislation work 12-16 hours per day and 6-7 days per week, including all holidays, without the right of annual holidays and the medical certificates on disability. The transportation of the passengers above permitted standard (30-50%) at rush hours alongside with off-hour work are other bas...

• Word Count: 3271
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography

Here is an example of how the labor theory of value works: A worker in a factory is given $30 worth of material, and after working 3 hours producing a good, and using $10 worth of fuel to run a machine, he creates a product which is sold for $100. ... The worker is thus justly entitled to a $60 payment, or $20 per hour. If the worker is employed by a factory owner who pays him only $15 per hour, according to Marx the $5 per hour the factory owner receives is a rip-off. The factory owner has done nothing to earn the money and the $5 per hour he receives is "surplus value", representing exploit...

• Word Count: 2126
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Children and women labored in harsh conditions, working long hours with little pay. ... In reality there were no regular hours, masters and managers did with them as they liked. ... Children who worked long hours in the textile mills became very tired and found it difficult to maintain the speed required by the overlookers. ...

• Word Count: 912
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

They do so by forcing the laborer to work more hours than are needed for his own survival. ... First, the hours that are spent making the product, whose total value, is equivalent to support himself and his family. ...

• Word Count: 705
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

These capitalist owned big factories that employed the unskilled worker, paying them meager wages for hours of hard work. ... Working conditions were said to have been horrible, not only long hours, but unsafe working conditions, unregulated hourly pay and also by employing young children. ...

• Word Count: 664
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography

The bourgeoisie would never let their children work in sweatshops twelve hours a day. ... While the child of a laborer is working twelve hour days in sweat shops trying to help support the family, in some cases be the only income to a family. ...

• Word Count: 830
• Approx Pages: 3

Industrial Revolution is when the period from the 18th Century to 19th Century had a major changes in technology, agriculture, transportation, communication and social life. This period has seen as one of the major forces that revolutionised the Western world into the modern era and transformed the ...

• Word Count: 712
• Approx Pages: 3

Krugman uses five points to further his case: progress of key economic sectors, progress of health "leading to increase in life span, shift of wealth to human capital, gains in women's rights, and increase in more hours devoted to non-employment activities such as leisure and family activities. ...

• Word Count: 403
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

Sometimes Jurgis had his hours cut dramatically without warning, and his wages would then plummet. ... His political boss tells him to work as a scab, and due to Jurgis's experience at the plant and the scarcity of senior employees, "his hour [arrives] - he [is] to be a boss!" ...

• Word Count: 1214
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

NIRA enforced fair competition amongst industry, established minimum wage, maximum workday and workweek hours, and eliminated child labor. ... Through this initiative, Long desired to achieve limited work hours and produce only enough as markets would absorb. ...

• Word Count: 1142
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Land degradation reduces rainfall infiltration into the soil and increses the amount of run-off into rivers thus increasing the speed and turbidity which water runs down the river. 400,000 acres of rainforest are cut down every hour to make room for agriculture and industries. ...

• Word Count: 636
• Approx Pages: 3

"Coketown contained several large streets all very like one another inhibited by people equally like one another, who all went in and out at the same hours, with the same sound upon the same pavements to do the same work" (16). ...

• Word Count: 602
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Is America Number One? They call America the "Land of Opportunity". We earned this nickname because in the 19th century, our nation's borders expanded, stretching further and further west. The growth driven by an increasing flow of immigrants from all around the world which created our especiall...

• Word Count: 562
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

These people who don't own the means of production (land, machinery, factories, tools, etc..) are called the proletariat and cannot sell their produce, only their labour-power... that is, they can sell hours of their time to other people. ...

• Word Count: 561
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

The Jungle is a novel written by Upton Sinclair. The jungle deals with the extreme working conditions in factories in the early 1900s, and socialism. The author purpose in this novel is to expose the truth behind the working conditions that workers suffer from exploitation and to promote socialism. ...

• Word Count: 544
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

"Some 30 anti-globalization militants occupied the offices of German Deputy Foreign Minister Ludger Volmer for several hours on Monday to protest a police behavior at the Group of Eight summit in Genoa, (Anti-global militants-09/21/01)." ...

• Word Count: 562
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

"Seest thou a man diligent in his business? He shall stand before kings" (Proverbs 22:29). This verse from the Bible describes Max Weber's argument of the relationship between business and religion. He basically describes the way Calvinism, a doctrine of the Protestant religion, had effects on capit...

• Word Count: 586
• Approx Pages: 2

In the book "Civilization and its Discontents ", Sigmund Freud tries to compare and differentiate the psychoanalysis to other accepted scientific disciplines. But first of all we should establish the key point of the text. The main idea of "Civilization and its Discontents " is that human beings are divided in to three parts: super-ego, ego, and the Id. These three parts are in a constant fight to rule us as human beings, but we should get the three terms in sync in order to live in stability. The super-ego, represents our conscience, telling us what's right from wrong that have been e...

• Word Count: 3675
• Approx Pages: 15

The Theory of Money and the Theory of Value The most important point to emerge from Marx's theory of money is the idea that money is a form of value. The difficulty with this idea is that we are more familiar with money itself than with value in other forms. But value does appear in forms other than money. For example, the balance sheet of a capitalist firm estimates the value of goods in process and of fixed capital which has not yet been depreciated, as well as the value of inventories of finished commodities awaiting sale. Each of these aggregations of commodities has a value, usually...

• Word Count: 5092
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate