To drive the devil out from their child, they spank them. ... In this way, children are inflicted pain in response to child's undesirable behavior and or speaking of inappropriate language. ... The mother who hits her child with a belt may be admired as a good parent in one neighborhood; while in another, the mother who slaps her child's face may menace being accounted as an obnoxious parent. ... These are the Eighth Amendment's prohibition against cruel and unusual punishment and the Fifth Amendment's protection of both substantive and bureaucratic due process. ... It also...

• Word Count: 3156
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Although crime victim surveys produce more accurate estimates of incidence and prevalence rates than police statistics, and confirm that many offences are not reported to police, they too are acknowledged to underestimate violent crimes of an intimate nature, particularly sexual assault, domestic violence and child abuse (Grabosky 1989; National Committee on Violence 1990). ... Child victims There were 2,858 victims of sexual assault under the age of 10 recorded by the police in 1997. ... About one-fifth reported some other kind of sexual assault. ...

• Word Count: 3415
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The National Elder Abuse Incidence Study Executive Summary Introduction and Background America's burgeoning elder population has affected every segment of the social, political, and economic landscape. Public debate of the issues surrounding the special needs of the approximately 44 million...

• Word Count: 6948
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate