Since the total consumption within the system for any given industry is found in the total of the coefficients of the columns, each column will add to 1 in a closed model. The problem that needs to be solved is to be able to satisfy the demands of the industries involved. ... In order to solve for an  vector that makes the equality true, some algebra can be done first: The solution  that will solve this is an eigenvector. 2.3 The Relation to a Markov matrix In order to solve  we are really looking for a vector  that is not affected when multiplied by matrix . Then the system has re...

• Word Count: 4516
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: High School

This stage often ends with the person discovering something new that they would like to explore or developing new ideas to solve the problems they have found. ... Although a Copernican system was much simpler than the Aristotelian, it still had its own problems. ... He proposed, that instead of many systems of circles, the planets moved in an elliptical fashion. ... This allowed for many of the complications caused by the circular system to go away, and involved a much simpler system, which matched relatively well with actual observations. ... With his theory of Gravity, the equations that gov...

• Word Count: 3486
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

Subbaraj Principal Theni Kammavar Sangam College of Technology, Theni, Tamilnadu ABSTRACT In this paper, a two-phase hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach is used to solve optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. ... A wide variety of conventional optimization techniques such as linear programming, Newton approach, interior point methods and dynamic programming [2-6] have been developed to solve ORPD problem. ... The expert systems [8], fuzzy logic [9], AI approach [10], fuzzy linear programming [11], evolutionary programming (EP) [12], are some of the heuristic techniques t...

• Word Count: 3714
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

ABSTRACT In this paper, a two-phase hybrid particle swarm optimization (PSO) approach is used to solve optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD) problem. ... A wide variety of conventional optimization techniques such as linear programming, Newton approach, interior point methods and dynamic programming [2-6] have been developed to solve ORPD problem. ... The expert systems [8], fuzzy logic [9], AI approach [10], fuzzy linear programming [11], evolutionary programming (EP) [12], are some of the heuristic techniques that have been used, recently, to solve the ORPD problem. The EP is suitable for s...

• Word Count: 3174
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

As an object moves, it's mass increases, and time goes slower for the object. Exactly determining the position and momentum of an object is impossible. A particle is mostly here, but partially there, and partially somewhere else. A vacuum consists of electrons with negative mass. In vacuum, particles appear out of nothing for a very short period of time and then disappear. ...

• Word Count: 3720
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

The learning competencies in Numbers and Number Sense are describes and illustrates well-defined sets, subsets, universal set and the null set; defines and describes the union and intersection of sets and the complement of a set; uses Venn Diagrams to represent sets, subsets and set operations; solves problems involving sets; describes and illustrates the absolute value of a number on a number line as the distance of the number from 0; performs fundamental operations on integers; addition, subtraction, multiplication, division; states and illustrates the different properties of the operations ...

• Word Count: 4402
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Bass Benge NEMA_NMTA FES Hay and Purves Equal pay act Skill Mental requirements Skill Knowledge required Know-how Skill Responsibility Skill requirements Effort Supervisory controls Problem solving Effort Working conditions Physical requirements Responsibility Guidelines Accountability Responsibility Responsibility Job conditions Complexity Working conditions Working conditions Scope and effect Personal contacts Purpose of contacts Physical demands Work environment Table 1: Commonly used Compensable factors NEMA: National Electrical Manufacturers Associati...

• Word Count: 4634
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: High School

Calculus provided a new opportunity in mathematical physics to solve long-standing problems. ... Thereafter, calculus was actively used to solve the major scientific dilemmas of the time, such as:- Calculating the slope of the tangent line to a curve at any point along its length Determining the velocity and acceleration of an object given a function describing its position, and designing such a position function given the object's velocity or acceleration Calculating arc lengths and the volume and surface area of solids Calculating the relative and absolute extrema of objects, especially...

• Word Count: 6149
• Approx Pages: 25
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another mathematician, Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, improved Pascal's machine and made his own contribution to the philosophy of reasoning by proposing an easier way by making an equation. (We should love these guys; they pretty much invented the calculator.)4 Many of the leading thinkers of the 18th and 19th century were convinced that a formal reasoning system, based on a kind of mathematics, could encode all human thought and be used to solve every sort of problem. Thomas Jefferson, for example, was sure that such a system existed, and only needed to be discovered. ... "Cybernetics,...

• Word Count: 5546
• Approx Pages: 22
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Lets say that it's not common and there is only one in a million planet in each system. ... But for more scientific approach we can consider Drake's equation. ... But with recent discovery of other planetary systems, the odds have shifted in favor of life. ... This would also solve our great global problems that we are facing today. ... And even more important, this will give us the freedom of solar system. ...

• Word Count: 2961
• Approx Pages: 12

Quantum mechanics is a theory which tries to describe, and predict the behavior of physical systems. The theory was originally designed to make predictions about the behavior of sub-microscopic systems, like atoms and electrons, but since even large-scale systems are composed of atoms, quantum mechanics necessarily comprises a fundamental physical theory--a theory which attempts (at least in principle) to offer as complete an account as can be had of the nature and behavior of physical systems. ... The SchrÖdinger equation with the mystical wavefunction, which unfolds all quantum phenomen...

• Word Count: 3424
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Racial bias in the education system is a widespread problem, with serious implications. ... Students expected to do well were given the opportunity to interpret to problem and solve it for themselves. ... The educational system needs to recognize this and implement programs within the system that aid in the proper development of their language skills. ... In this system of education, dialogue between teacher and student is limited. ... Testing bias is yet another aspect that leads to inequality in the educational system. ...

• Word Count: 2650
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Applying the Einstein Field Equations to collapsing stars, Kurt Schwarzschild discovered the critical radius for a given mass at which matter would collapse into an infinitely dense state known as a singularity. ... Although many physicists doubted the existence of gravitational waves, physical evidence was presented when American researchers observed a binary pulsar system that was thought to consist of two neutron stars orbiting each other closely and rapidly. ... In other words, the stars were spiraling toward each other, and by the exact amount predicted if the system were losing...

• Word Count: 3068
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Applying the Einstein Field Equations to collapsing stars, Kurt Schwarzschild discovered the critical radius for a given mass at which matter would collapse into an infinitely dense state known as a singularity. ... Although many physicists doubted the existence of gravitational waves, physical evidence was presented when American researchers observed a binary pulsar system that was thought to consist of two neutron stars orbiting each other closely and rapidly. ... In other words, the stars were spiraling toward each other, and by the exact amount predicted if the system were losing energy by...

• Word Count: 3056
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

The accounting systems that Union Pacific had in place were likely to be typical stage II accounting systems. ... The COAT system was very advanced for its day, because it was an attempt to create a primitive Activity Based Cost System. ... This system, of course, had many downsides. ... The MCC system did have another important function. ... This system was run parallel to that of the ICC system and then eventually was able to replace it. ...

• Word Count: 3347
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

While disentangling the root structure of the Chinese legal system remains a challenge, commentators are hard at work trimming the buds of this nascent legal system. ... China is a nation in motion and its legal system reflects that constant change. ... The staggering difficulties of dealing with a system so deeply in process, so uncertain of itself, stopped me. ... The time space continuum is very important, which is why snapshots of the system are so dangerous. ... The focus here is on the historical roots of the system, tracing the arc that brought us to this moment. ...

• Word Count: 9567
• Approx Pages: 38
• Has Bibliography

Individualized instruction begins with a system to diagnose student strengths and weaknesses. ... Fractions are used in geometry for understanding geometric equations such as the area of a triangle (A= ½ b*h) and in determining ratios between various geometric objects or shapes. ... However, a teacher must be careful when deciding on a system for grouping students. ...

• Word Count: 4145
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In this context, Taiwan again became part of the Sino-US strategic equation, and a burn in the saddle' of Sino-US relations. ... Besides, China and Taiwan will enjoy the political stability in a one country, two system' that has been experienced by Hong Kong and Macao. 2.2 It will help China towards open-market economy and globalisation With 1.26 billion people, a growth rate of 8 per cent per annum is regarded as the minimum required if China hopes to reduce unemployment and improve its economy. ...

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• Approx Pages: 10

The factor that changes in the equation above is the presence of a man. ... Armed citizens pose a risk of punishment to criminals - perhaps more so than does the criminal justice system. Gun ownership may exert as much deterrent effect on violent crime and burglary as the criminal justice system does. ...

• Word Count: 5482
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

Attempts at solving this conflict have been made with little success. This paper therefore will argue that new attempts to solve the Arab-Israeli conflict need to be made through a conflict resolution practice known as conflict transformation. ...

• Word Count: 4549
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography

Neither are they connected to some abstract set of principles or framework .Rather they are bounded by a culture's definition of the problem to be solved and its definition of the right techniques of solution (ibid.). ...

• Word Count: 4720
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Neither are they connected to some abstract set of principles or framework .Rather they are bounded by a culture's definition of the problem to be solved and its definition of the right techniques of solution (ibid.). ...

• Word Count: 4720
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Many of the young girls exploited end up pregnant, facing long-term repercussions of exploitation, risk of STD infections, lesions that may not heal, and suffer severe impacts on the reproductive systems for those who were not ready for sexual activity. ... I argue that the legalization of prostitution will solve this horrible problem. ...

• Word Count: 2641
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In order to understand constructivism one needs to first accept that our view of the international system is neither the correct one nor the only one. We have to reject the assumptions of realists and liberals that actors, such as states, and structures, such as the anarchical system, of world politics are stable givens (Rourke, 2008). According to Rourke, "Constructivism views the course of international relations as an interactive process in which the ideas of and communications among "agents" (or actors: individuals, groups, and social structures, including states) serve to ...

• Word Count: 2601
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This book also explores the history of financial and managerial accounting systems, and tries to delineate the pressures that caused the divergence of the two practices. ... When cost systems became automated beginning in the 1960's, system designers basically automated the existing manual systems found in the factory. Left unquestioned was whether these systems were still sensible given the great expansion in information technology and migration to highly technical operations. ... Such systems are supportive of JIT/TQM and CIM environments, which minimize inventory and WIP costs, and h...

• Word Count: 5316
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate