President Roosevelt, scared by roomers, left health insurance out in when making the social security package. ... Another problem was the addition of workers compensation laws and added contract practices. ... They basically had to go into contract practices to survive. ... President Kennedy added a .25 increase in taxes to accommodate the extension of the social security benefits to include nursing homes and hospitalization to those age 65 and over. In 1966, the first Blue Cross Association contract as Medicare intermediary became effective; this brought together the social security admin...

• Word Count: 1788
• Approx Pages: 7

Introduction: During the class sessions of ECON 253, we have discussed the basics of social insurance and hence, took a broad view on the US health care market. ... In general, they offer comprehensive health care from an established panel of providers by contracting with medical facilities, physicians and employers. ... a) Background: Fiscal pressures to reduce health care costs have caused most US states to contract with health maintenance organizations (HMOs) to provide a portion of health care to Medicaid recipients on a capitated basis. ...

• Word Count: 4357
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Resources are needed in order to address the prevalence of a disease and a disease's overall social impact. ... It is an organization that takes a strong social science approach to this global human problem, (SABCOHA, 2009). ... Policy makers need to fully understand the costs and benefits, the current social impact, and the future social impacts if no changes are made vs if changes are made, in order to more fully serve those in need and to more effectively educate the masses across all cultural boundaries. ... Agencies have indeed made headway in altering social attitudes, though much ...

• Word Count: 3192
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Medicaid is United States social program which covers low income families with children, unemployed pregnant mothers, needy seniors, and disabled people. ... In order to start shifting recipients of Medicaid into the Managed Care, the Department contracted the four largest insurance companies in the state: Horizon Blue Cross Blue Shield, Health First of NJ, United Healthcare of NJ and Ameri-Group. ... Contracting these insurance companies, the state is obligated to pay about $2,000 for each individual monthly. ...

• Word Count: 1770
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One of the characteristics of HMO's that facilitates lower premiums than other forms of traditional health insurance is that main clinical decisions are made not by doctors, but by the HMO's through strict contract guidelines entered into through participating clinicians. ... It is surprising that, in spite of this fact, Medicare patient risk contracts actually cost Medicare 6 percent more than they would if these same services were done in a fee-for-service setting. ...

• Word Count: 2987
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

Proposition 54 Ward Connerly, a leader in the passage of Proposition 209 to end affirmative action, now has gathered enough signatures to put another proposition on the October recall ballot. Proposition 54, the Classification by Race, Ethnicity, Color, or National Origin (CRECNO) Initiative will appear on the October 7, 2003 ballot. CRECNO amends the California Constitution to ban the state or local government from categorizing individuals by race, ethnicity, or national origin for any reason. If passed, Proposition 54 would prohibit public agencies, schools and employers from maintainin...

• Word Count: 2581
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction Around the globe, the advent of large-scale technology implementation in health care has begun. The terms telemedicine and telehealth are spreading across the globe as fast as the satellite communications systems can transmit them. Telemedicine has reached around the world and has helped to link all peoples together in the struggle to understand and treat disease and promote health. Telemedicine is not just a single technology. It is part of a greater process, and it has spawned the creation of a chain of care unlike any in history (Roine, Ohinmaa & Hailey, 2001). ...

• Word Count: 5573
• Approx Pages: 22
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

U.S. Healthcare Reform I.) Stakes and Positions Healthcare reform continues to be one of the most contentious subjects of debate in American politics. Healthcare accounts for over 16% of federal expenditures, forecasted to increase in the years ahead1. The two main political parties represent...

• Word Count: 2783
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate