RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONARY AVANT-GARDE The avant-garde way of life prospered in Russia directly following the Revolution of 1917, generating one of the most awe-inspiring art movements of the twentieth century. ... The streets were filled with joy, as all through Russia artists embraced the Revolution, calling for a change. ... In one of the first monographs on the Russian avant-garde, Camilla Gray published The Russian Experience in Art in 1967 in which she explains "The Revolution gave reality to their activity and a long sought direction to their energies-for there was no question in thei...

• Word Count: 4641
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

General causes of the Russian Revolution Poverty In order to understand Trotsky's role in the Russian revolution in the year 1917, perhaps an insight into the causes of the Russian revolution would shed light upon some of the reasons as to why he was a major player in the fight. ... Poverty that the Russians experienced then was a long-term cause of the Russian revolution with the families within the empire existing at the mere level of subsistence (Westwood, 2002). ... The Russian revolution fell heavily on the government considering the fact that the workforce from the urban centers p...

• Word Count: 3845
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Russia is said to have missed the industrial revolution, which has resulted in them being almost backwards in technology. ... This reform movement would change everything about Russia's economy and the everyday life of the Russian people (Key Issues, 2000). ... For parts of Russia, reindeer farming is a way of life. ... What Reforms Have Done to Russia's Economy Russia's economic system has and is continuing to struggle. ... In 1994, the Russian rouble lost 22 percent of its value. ...

• Word Count: 2646
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Russia faces the seemingly impracticable task of economic liberalization and democratization. ... This paper addresses the problems of creating a stable democracy in Russia. The prospects for a stable democracy in Russia are limited at best. ... The Road to a Market Economy At the heart of the difficulties plaguing the Russian Federation are the economic reforms that the Yeltsin regime has imposed upon the Russian people. ... But what were the Russians to do in the meantime? ...

• Word Count: 4108
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography

Tensions between Russia and the West have been high throughout history. ... Russia lost and tensions grew between the two. ... The western powers looked on with horror at the Bolshevik Revolution. ... These communist countries became satellites of Russia, nothing more than provinces of Russia. ... To Westerners, this Russian advance exceeded their worst fears. ...

• Word Count: 3123
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

This essay was originally to deal with debates regarding Soviet Russian history. ... This seemed to be a trend for many aspects of Russian history. ... The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution lasted from 1966-1976. ... MacFarquhar asserts that the Cultural Revolution was a struggle to maintain the spirit of Chinese Socialism, and to avoid, what Mao had interpreted as the degradation seen on the revisionist path taken by Soviet Russia. ... Thermidor suggests that a period of time follows any revolution in which the revolutionary spirit wanes, and the threat of revisionism reaches its peak,...

• Word Count: 4647
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Lenin's N.E.P had bought some advances to Russia but the Soviet Union was still very backwards in comparison to the rest of Europe. ... The proletariat was seen as the backbone of the revolution and so to continue the revolution the proletariat had to be increased. ... These concerned were expressed at both high and low levels and the five-year plans were seen as both a revolution from above and a revolution from below. ... The Nepmen were prime targets, but Kulaks, the richer farmers, and bourgeois experts were seen as contrary to the claim of revolution. ... By giving them new, structur...

• Word Count: 5589
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction Joseph Stalin was born Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili in the village of Gori, in the Russian province of Georgia, on Dec. 21, 1879. ... Instead, the young Stalin became a devoted advocate for Marxist revolution. ... (Siberian exile, in Tsarist Russia, was notoriously easy to escape from.) ... In 1917, the Russian Revolution toppled the Tsarist government. ... After the war, the Bolsheviks renamed themselves the Communist Party, and declared Russia the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. ...

• Word Count: 5151
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, after the parliament voted against limiting powers, the flames of revolution grew and the violence intensified. ... The crisis in Ukraine can be traced back decades in history with the relationship of Russia and Ukraine, however this background will mainly focus on the months prior to rise of the revolution. ... Instead of accepting funding from the EU, President Yanukoych accepted a multi-billion dollar loan from Russia, and dismissed talks with the EU which caused the beginning of the revolution in Ukraine6. ... Since the invasion the tensions have escalated to combat between the a...

• Word Count: 3290
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Georgians possessed their own culture and language which was very different from the official Russian language of the empire, and the young Stalin only began learning Russian when he was nine years old. ... The one institution that Stalin's birthplace shared with the larger Russian Empire was the Orthodox Church which Georgia actually converted more than 500 years before Russia. ... It ends with Carl marx's stating "let the ruling classes tremble at a communist revolution. ... His timing was excellent becasue the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party had just been founded which for ...

• Word Count: 2506
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

In the early 20th century, the Soviet Union began to experience a sweeping proletarian revolution, as well as rapid industrialization. This transition began reshaping the preceding social structure and firmly held beliefs of Russian culture as communism began to take root. Along with a transformation of Russian civilization came the remodeling of the Russian citizen, a new archetype with particular qualities that became idealized for all Soviet citizens. ... Gladkov describes Gleb's hometown as broken, the pulse of the revolution almost completely absent. ... Gladkov purposely includes Gl...

• Word Count: 3036
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Until the last years of the czarist Russia, Stalin was more an up-and -coming follower than a leader. ... Petersburg) upon hearing that the February Revolution had brought about the abdication of the Tsar and the installation of the Provincial Government. ... After Lenin's return several months later, Stalin's influence rapidly declined (due to his failure to completely agree with all of Lenin's positions, including his advocacy of an "armed revolution" to overthrow the Provisional Government). ... Although Stalin apparently had no role in the October Revolution itself, he was...

• Word Count: 7507
• Approx Pages: 30
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Conflict and mistrust between the West and the Soviet Union is possible to trace as far back as 1917 when the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia led to the creation of the world's first communist state. ... The official ideology of the USSR stated the inevitability of conflict with western capitalist states and class struggle would lead to a world revolution. ... Germany had invaded Russia twice this century and should not be allowed to recover. ... (Berlin would be in the Russian zone). ... It was agreed that Russia should get Polish territory east of the Curzon line, land taken from Bolsh...

• Word Count: 3287
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

To Lenin, defeat was unthinkable and he was prepared to make any and every sacrifice to win the war and save "the revolution-. ... In no Eastern European country did the revolution have the support of more than a minority of people, yet this minority retained absolute control. ... After the war Stalin succeeded in establishing a communist buffer zone between Russia and Western Europe. ... The Hungarian revolution of 1956 was borne out of the relative success of the Poles in achieving concessions for the Moscow leadership. (10) The Hungarians decided to overthrow the Stalinist regim...

• Word Count: 5545
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

To Lenin, defeat was unthinkable and he was prepared to make any and every sacrifice to win the war and save "the revolution-. ... In no Eastern European country did the revolution have the support of more than a minority of people, yet this minority retained absolute control. ... After the war Stalin succeeded in establishing a communist buffer zone between Russia and Western Europe. ... The Hungarian revolution of 1956 was borne out of the relative success of the Poles in achieving concessions for the Moscow leadership. (10) The Hungarians decided to overthrow the Stalinist regim...

• Word Count: 5545
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

To Lenin, defeat was unthinkable and he was prepared to make any and every sacrifice to win the war and save "the revolution-. ... In no Eastern European country did the revolution have the support of more than a minority of people, yet this minority retained absolute control. ... After the war Stalin succeeded in establishing a communist buffer zone between Russia and Western Europe. ... The Hungarian revolution of 1956 was borne out of the relative success of the Poles in achieving concessions for the Moscow leadership. (10) The Hungarians decided to overthrow the Stalinist regim...

• Word Count: 5545
• Approx Pages: 22
• Grade Level: High School

Some people called it paranoia, Stalin's obvious fear of being "left behind" or defeated because of Russia's backwardness, other's called it prophecy, that Stalin could predict Russia's fate. ... He believed this would lead to Russia being beaten and enslaved by surrounding Capitalist countries. ... He believed Germany would invade soon and Russia would be ill equipped to defend itself. ... But without the successes of the five year plans, where would Russia have been? ... He condemned all people in them as traitors to the State and to Russia, people working against commun...

• Word Count: 2886
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Even though Russia and the U.S. had tension for many years, Russia is now backing the United States in Operation Iraqi Freedom even though during events leading up to the war with Iraq, Russia did not back the U.S. ... The Cold War between Russia and the U.S. had many causes. ... The separation of Germany also polarized America and Russia. ... In the 1950's, another issue polarized America and Russia. ... Feldman, stated that "The actual K-19 lies in a Russian ship graveyard, ...

• Word Count: 3726
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

This would have meant that he appealed to the surfs throughout Russia. ... He was a good orator, organised, and worked for the benefit of Russia. ... This meant that he had influence other the minorities, of which there were many throughout Russia. ... He had a good relationship with the Russian people, which was boosted by him leading them out of the July days. ... Despite this, after the revolution in 1917, the Party quickly discovered that coping with the complexities of government obliged it to become more centralised. ...

• Word Count: 3761
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

"(2) Brezhnev believed that eventually, the capitalist West would experience revolution and would turn towards their socialist brothers for support. ... This 'New Thinking' offered an entirely new attitude to Leninism-Marxism and all the policies upon which the Soviet Union had existed since the Revolution of 1917. ...

• Word Count: 3267
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction When I first sat down and researched into American exceptionalism I discovered an idea that was complex in not just its definition but also its understanding. I quickly learned I was researching something that spanned political, historical and religious backgrounds and tapped into the heart of the American attitude most recently seen in Obama's election victory speech of "yes we can".1 Despite this, the president recently appeared to be hesitant to proclaim views of support for exceptionalism. Asked by a reporter in Strasbourg, France, whether he subscribed, as his...

• Word Count: 4596
• Approx Pages: 18