After reviewing the current literature on social Darwinism it is not clear that there was a cohesive movement of social Darwinism in America at all. ... A large proponent of mutual aid Peter Kropotkin a Russian zoologist summed it up best when he said that "animals which acquire the habits of mutual aid are undoubtedly the fittest" Oscar McCulloch, a reverend in Indiana, called mutual aid the "forgotten laws of nature.... Mutual aid seemed to do something that no other theory has been able to do before, include American reverends and Russian socialist at the same time. ...

• Word Count: 3313
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate