For example, if one identical twin has a bipolar disorder, the risk that the other twin will develop the disorder is about 80%. ... Since the genes are involved in regulation of neurotransmitters, researchers are searching for the neurotransmitters that control depression. ... One of the types of neurotransmitters, called monamines, are known to be involved in depression. ... Another reason individual may be more at risk for depression involves a number of psychosocial factors. ... Antidepressant drugs are act by increasing levels of a specific group of neurotransmitters (monamines, such as s...

• Word Count: 1564
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Both bullies and victims are at an increased risk for depression when bullying frequently occurs. ... Depression may be a consequence for young adolescents involved in romantic relationships. ... Adolescents who believe they are at fault for an event are at the highest risk for depressive disorder. ... Females are at a higher risk for developing depression during puberty than males. ... Bully-victims are at an increased risk for, not only major depression, but suicide as well. ...

• Word Count: 2666
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Suicidal ideation in a random community sample: Attributable risk due to depression and psychosocial And traumatic events 1. The Introduction The objective of this article was to determine the risk for suicidal ideation from depression and traumatic events in a random population. ... It measures the general mental health, and calculated the suicidal ideation risk. ... The main interest was the population attributable risk to suicidal ideation. Assumptions for the validity of the statistic are that there is a casual relation between risk factor and disease, that those previously exp...

• Word Count: 1206
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

A family history of depression does, however, appear to increase your risk. ... • Stressful situations - Going through a stressful life event doesn't mean that you"ll become depressed, but it can increase your risk. 1. ... Job Stresses • Past Experiences - people who have survived deeply upsetting events in the past, are at higher risk of developing depression. 1. ... Growing up with an alcoholic • Chemical Dependence - Dependence on alcohol or drugs can increase your risk of depression. ... But for some health conditions, it's often helpful to have a special...

• Word Count: 1093
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

When the sufferer is a child, the family is ultimately involved in all aspects of the experience from onset diagnosis, to remission and recovery. ... Mood stabilizers are usually prescribed along with antidepressants, to minimize the risk of manic symptoms worsened by a antidepressant. ... Because the adverse-effect profile of SSRI's is less prominent, these have fewer side-effects, and there is less risk of overdosing (AACAP). ... However these psychotropic drugs are filled with stimulants, anti-psychotics and mood stabilizers, carry major risks for serious side effects, which include ...

• Word Count: 2968
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Those afflicted are special risk because there is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety that makes them feel like they "could jump out of their skin" (Hirschfeld, 1995). ... Based on current data, the risk of a child with Ebsteins's anomaly being born to a mother who took Lithium during her first trimester of pregnancy is approximately 1 in 8,000, or 2.5 times that of the general population (Jacobson et al., 1992). ... Use of these drugs is often necessary because the response to them is rapid, but there are risks involved in their use. ... Another study involved ...

• Word Count: 1731
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Those afflicted are special risk because there is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety that makes them feel like they "could jump out of their skin" (Hirschfeld, 1995). ... Based on current data, the risk of a child with Ebsteins's anomaly being born to a mother who took Lithium during her first trimester of pregnancy is approximately 1 in 8,000, or 2.5 times that of the general population (Jacobson et al., 1992). ... Use of these drugs is often necessary because the response to them is rapid, but there are risks involved in their use. ... Another study involved ...

• Word Count: 1731
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Intensive effort is currently being put into identifying the genes involved in Bipolar disorder. ... Serotonin (a neurotransmitter) is involved in a variety of behaviors including sleep, moods, and activity, all of which are affected to some degree in Bipolar disorder- (BPhoenix). ... Electroconvulsive therapy should be used for persons who have an immediate and serious risk of suicide, followed by long-term psychotherapy. ...

• Word Count: 829
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Neurotransmitters involved in depression include norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. ... Antidepressants can make depression worse for some people, leading to an increased risk of suicide, hostility and even homicidal behavior. ... Suicide and Risk Factors There are a variety of risk factors associated with depression. It is difficult to separate these factors from etiological factors, because there are so many possible ways for experience to lead to negative mood, and what may be merely a risk factor for one individual may be an outright causative factor for another. Maniglio (2010), for...

• Word Count: 2331
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Even though ECT predominantly effective, there are many risks involved including drowsiness and confusion for about an hour. ... Another risk of ECT is the patients heat is affected by the seizures and the drugs, i.e. muscle relaxants, anesthesia, and barbiturates. ...

• Word Count: 2188
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If the individual is more attached, the risk for suicide is low. If the individual is less attached, the risk for suicide is high. ... The more detailed the plan, the higher the risk. ... A patient with a prior history may be more at risk. ... The greater the intent, the higher the risk. ...

• Word Count: 2469
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography

Causes, incidence, and risk factors Ages 25 years of age when the appearances of Bipolar is noticed. ... Many types of Bipolar in which genetics seem to be involved. ... The cause is unknown, but genetics do seem to be involved. ... Those afflicted are a special risk because there is a combination of hopelessness, agitation, and anxiety that makes them feel like they "could jump out of their skin (Martin Alda). ...

• Word Count: 1629
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This and other methods have allowed researchers to identify a number of risk factors for suicide: 1. Family History If a family member has committed suicide, there is an increased risk that someone else in the family will also do so. ... Victoria Aranga, who conducts neurochemical, studies on suicide victims' brains in the MHCRC, identified alterations in serotonergic neuron projections to specific regions of the frontal cortex - the most sophisticated area of the brain which is involved in the regulation of mood and impulsiveness. ... Past suicide attempts are another strong risk fa...

• Word Count: 2200
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, today's young people face their own kind of deprivation such as having few adults involved in their lives, and a society that defines success in terms of possession (Voegeli). ... Depression not only displays hopelessness, but attacks the teenagers coping abilities and their ability to form healthy relationships, all of which leads to an increased risk of suicide. ... These symptoms sometimes alternate with temper tantrums or rages, restlessness, acting out, and risk-taking activities (Ford, Rushforth, Sudak 121-122). ... An adolescent who develops a depressive episode, or ...

• Word Count: 1431
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Even though ECT predominantly effective, there are many risks involved including drowsiness and confusion for about an hour. ... Another risk of ECT is the patient's heat is affected by the seizures and the drugs, i.e. muscle relaxants, anesthesia, and barbiturates. ...

• Word Count: 1106
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

It is impossible to know for sure that a person who seems sad is at risk of being suicidal. ... When dealing with depression it is difficult to realize where sad feelings end and the risk's factors begin. ... Many will also take more risks or engage in dangerous activity in order to try to kill themselves. ... There is almost no risk that raising the topic with someone who is not considering suicide will make them do it. ... Do not minimize the feelings involved. ...

• Word Count: 1733
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Even more startling are the individual stories behind these statistics because the young people involved come from all communities, all economic levels, all home situations-anyone's family. ... One in three adolescents in the nineties is at risk for serious depression. ... (Elkind 203) Researchers have found that depressed teens are at particularly high risk for drug and alcohol abuse. ...

• Word Count: 1938
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

Instead of expressing sadness, teenagers may express boredom and irritability, or may choose to get involved in risky behaviors. ... e groups of children and for the risks factors of suicide and then refer them to treatment." Some of these "risk factors" include verbal signs of suicide within the last three months, prior attempts at suicide, indication of sever mood problems, or excessive alcohol and substance abuse. ...

• Word Count: 3016
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, researchers are working on to locate genes that may be involved in causing depression. ... Correspondingly, major depressive disorder is a sort of psychic hibernation, it slows us down, defuses aggression, and restrains risk taking (2003, Allen & Badock). ...

• Word Count: 1391
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Artists, musicians, and writers experience mood swings and tend to romanticize the illness, which is very serious and comes with an increased risk of suicide (Genetics Workgroup, 2006). ... Through better understanding of the circuit board involved in regulating moods, eventually we will be able to grasp causation for bipolar, depression, and other mood disorders (Genetics Workgroup, 2006). ...

• Word Count: 2250
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since Bipolar is inherited, if there are a lot of members in your family diagnosed with Bipolar you are at a high risk of receiving the gene, but since it is heavily influenced by environment, only one out of every four people with the gene will become truly Bipolar. ... Almost everybody that's diagnosed with this disorder are thought to come from one of three families, which are an over involved family, a neglectful family, or an abusive family. ... Statistics show that one out of every hundred people have it, however if it runs in your family you will have a higher-than-average risk ...

• Word Count: 1829
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Anxiety tends to precede the onset of depressive disorders and is a risk factor for a depressive disorder. 66% of adolescents with anxiety disorder later developed a diagnosis of depression and only 6.5% of adolescents who had depression first later developed an anxiety disorder. ...

• Word Count: 2163
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Apparently additional factors, possibly stresses at home, work, or school, are involved in its onset. ... Very often, a combination of genetic, psychological, and environmental factors is involved in the onset of a depressive disorder. ...

• Word Count: 2573
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

Because of the high risk of recurrence and suicide, long-term pharmacological treatment is essential (Coon, 1992). ... Melatonin is suppressed by daylight, so that in spring and summer when the photoperiods are long, there is less time in a 24-hour period for melatonin to be secreted in the blood, and therefore less time for it to be involved in the lowering of body temperature. ... It is speculated that the light sensitivity in BD patients may be due to abnormal neurotransmitter/receptor systems involved in regulation of melatonin suppression and circadian rhythmicity, which may lead to ph...

• Word Count: 2287
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The personality theorist, according to the editor of one of the leading journals in the field (Funder, 1994), has "an interest in what individual human beings think, feel, and do," including "how the social situation affects and is affected by the individual." Personality theory, wrote Walter Mischel, is concerned not only with differences between individuals, but also with "the basic processes of adaptation through which people interact with the conditions of their lives" (Mischel, 1993). Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) One of the primary disorders of the personality is borderline...

• Word Count: 3269
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate