When thoughts of "justice" were pondered in Ancient Greece, early students of Socrates accepted actions that were to the benefit of friends and detriment of enemies as the standard definition of justice (Plato I.332b). ... From Machiavelli's perspective, the citizens in a republic must overcome the notion that ingratitude is always unjust and begin seeing justice of the ingratitude as that which will help maintain freedom. ...

• Word Count: 2733
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate