The first use Violence, to make themselves Masters of other mens persons, wives, children, and cattell; the second, to defend them; the third, for trifles, as a word, a smile, a different opinion, and any other signe of undervalue, either direct in their Persons, or by reflexion in their Kindred, their Friends, their Nation, their Profession, or their Name."" ... Hobbes' illustration of life in the state of nature: "In such a condition, there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain; and consequently no culture of the earth, no navigation, nor use of the commodi...

• Word Count: 4512
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

No one person has any rights that are different from another, and the rights of each individual within this unified body must be in agreement with the state. ... This structure is referred to as The Act of Association, which encompasses the main idea of Rousseau's social pact: "each of us contributes to the group his person and the powers which he wields as a person under the supreme direction of the general will each individual forming an indivisible part of the whole" (Book I: VI 181). ... Government, therefore, will always be to some extent in the hands of selected persons. ... If it...

• Word Count: 7115
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

No one person has any rights that are different from another, and the rights of each individual within this unified body must be in agreement with the state. ... This structure is referred to as The Act of Association, which encompasses the main idea of Rousseau's social pact: "each of us contributes to the group his person and the powers which he wields as a person under the supreme direction of the general will each individual forming an indivisible part of the whole" (Book I: VI 181). ... Government, therefore, will always be to some extent in the hands of selected persons. ... If it...

• Word Count: 7114
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Instrumental power, are the abilities humans acquired as they progressed in life, such as wealth, friends and status. ... These are all qualities used to quantify a person's place in society. For many people, to gain power throughout the course of a person's life, it is a sign of advancement in life, either through individual talent or through other methods. ... (Hobbes, Leviathan 122) Hobbes believes that there are two types of people who live in a Law of Nature (Hobbes, Leviathan 103-122), a Natural Person (Hobbes, Leviathan 125) and an Artificial Person. ... An Artificial Pers...

• Word Count: 2690
• Approx Pages: 11

John Locke – Life Sketch Locke is the greatest figure in the history of political thought. ... He was educated in his own family circle for around fourteen years of his life. ... This association with the brilliant Shaftesbury was good enough to influence Locke's life. ... It stimulated by the intellectual life of the Dutch, he made time to complete his studies. ... He felt that they are morally equal if the reason inside them, makes them persons and somehow recognise those natural laws which define their rights and duties. ...

• Word Count: 7056
• Approx Pages: 28
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

A time of "no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short".1 Because man's natural state is so debased, Hobbes applied a authoritarian view of social contract. ... Also, natural law obligated that "no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty or possessions". 3 The state formed by the social contract was guided by the natural laws, which guaranteed those inalienable rights. ... An Essay on Man, a poetic summary of current philosophical speculation projects...

• Word Count: 3568
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

His Prince is starting to take the shape of a militant person who gives orders for the benefit of the entire population. ... Upon further examination one may find that his prince is a person of little or no personality. ... An aphorism is a saying that makes the person try to sound wise and sound like the saying is accepted. ... His most controversial work, The Prince, outlines what he learned working in the political scene for most of his life. ... When the Medici family regained power in 1512 with the help of Spanish troops, Machiavelli was tortured and removed from public life. ...

• Word Count: 2654
• Approx Pages: 11

Taking responsibility is a part of life, no matter how big the responsibility is, or however it happened. ... Even though I said I don't like to surround myself around politics a lot, I'm not a very confused person about politics. ... My mom is the most outspoken person in my house when it comes to politics. ... She loses me a lot in our discussions because she's not a very politically intelligent person. ... Yes, he's that type of person. ...

• Word Count: 2511
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

That is "being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions; for men being all the workmanship of one omnipotent and infinite wise maker; all the servants of one sovereign Master, sent into this world by His order and about His business; they are His property, whose workmanship they are meant to last during His, not one another's pleasure.". (Locke p.9-10) What I feel Locke is trying to express is the idea that God is the only one, other then that person himself, who can do any harm to that person. Meaning that you have a natural...

• Word Count: 2615
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

Machiavelli's Republic Considering Machiavelli's concepts of virtu and the functional role of the citizen in state affairs, we can infer that Machiavelli's republicanism is above all else a commitment to the vivere civil or civil life. ... Like the jurists, he sees the generality and the impartiality of the law as the basis of civil life. The laws, he says, "make men good"- that is compel them to serve the common good and refrain from barring their fellow citizens, as civil and political life demands. ... "No ordered republic would all the demerits of its citizens to be can...

• Word Count: 4508
• Approx Pages: 18
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The average person would not understand how SES could help determine why some citizens participate and others do not however, Rosenstone and Hansen agree that class places a certain degree of uneven participation in the government. ... Citizens who are in the position of loosing something if they do not pay attention to new laws and regulations pay close attention to the financial support needed in order to make their life easier or keep there life as it is. ... Cole stated, "The higher the level of education then the social environment where that person resides exuberates pressure to be activ...

• Word Count: 2557
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Because of these events, 9/11 is the largest single loss of American civil life in a deliberate act (Atkins, 2011). ... At exactly 8:45 AM that morning a Boeing 767 filled with 20,000 gallons of jet fuel crashed into the north tower of the World Trade Center instantly killing hundreds of people and starting off a morning of fear, tremendous loss of life, and a day that nobody would ever forget. ... Because the act was not looked over carefully enough, this part of the act actually violated the fourth amendment, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and ...

• Word Count: 2538
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He explains as follows; "The State of Nature has a law of nature to govern it, which obliges every one: and reason, which is that law, teaches all mankind, who will but consult it, that being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or possessions." (Locke 9) So we can already see from this quote that, similar to Hobbes natural man, Locke's also lives his life in a state of natural rationality. ... " This states how natural man again may execute another man in defense of his natural rights of "life, health, liberty, and poss...

• Word Count: 3200
• Approx Pages: 13

Moreover, in the view of the majority of critics, the play charts the growth of Lear's wisdom, as he learns the emptiness of worldly glory and comes to embrace the love of his daughter Cordelia as the one true value in his life. ... This reading of King Lear makes it an edifying play, but it drains it of its tragic power by oversimplifying Shakespeare's understanding of the complexities of political life. ... Above all, many critics undermine the standing of King Lear as a tragic figure by suggesting that with a little more wisdom, he could have avoided the catastrophes in his life....

• Word Count: 8939
• Approx Pages: 36
• Grade Level: High School

Rights that promote the rule of law, such as the right to life, liberty and security and the right to equality will be discussed second as examples to show how the government in the past has made itself deaf to the law and how this can be reconciled to protect the individual's liberty and security. ... Laws must be put into place to protect the liberty and security of the individual, and those laws must have authority over all citizens within the country, so that when one person is in a position of authority, for example in the work place, the individual's rights may not be infringe...

• Word Count: 2856
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Their loyalty stems from their desire to protect their own nation, freedoms, and way of life. ... One of the main reasons that Machiavelli has been considered a sinister and evil person throughout history is most likely due in part to his casual acceptance of immoral and unethical practices the prince may need to employ in the pursuit of and in maintaining his rein of power. ... If the reason for an action is to preserve the state and its way of life, then any action is acceptable. ...

• Word Count: 3155
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

They discover things about other cultures and their way of life. ... "If the state, or the nation, is nothing other than an artificial person the life of which consists in the union of its members and if the most important of it cares is its preservation, it needs to have a universal and compelling power to move and dispose of each part in whatever manner is beneficial to the whole. ...

• Word Count: 2761
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School