Many East Germans risked death attempting to cross the defences surrounding the wall to reach freedom in West Berlin, and many were killed in the attempt. ... Early elections held in June 1997 led to the victory of a socialist-led coalition of parties, which remains in power today. ... Fears that the shift of power from centralized one-party system system to multi-party democracy might turn into bloody revolution proved unfounded owing to the presence on both sides, the Communist Party and the democratic opposition, of peacefully-minded reformists committed to a peaceful solution, while the ...

• Word Count: 2078
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The strategic advice will only focus on the US as a negotiating party since after careful analysis and research, the US has proved to be predominantly the largest and most involved party in the negotiations rounds with Iran since these began. ... Ultimately, it is our objective for the US to reach an overall peaceful agreement with Iran. ... These parties have played an important role in the past round of negotiations and they will continue to do so as facilitators or spoilers during the process. ... Current discussions on the Iranian nuclear crisis focus on the possibilities of reaching suc...

• Word Count: 1315
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

And still, what are the qualities that Gorbachev had, as a child originating from a peasant family, that distinguished him and helped him reach the top? ... 6 According to a study performed by David Kotz and Fred Weir, the party-state elite, or in other words the people who hold the governmental power have contributed the most for the collapse of the regime. A group called "Movement for Socialist Renewal" which includes party and government officials of senior rank, has claimed itself as the authentic voice of the Soviet elite. ... The demise of the Soviet Union portrayed as a revol...

• Word Count: 1300
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

On March 1985, Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev was elected general secretary of the Communist Party in Russia. ... As Gorbachev was gaining power quickly in the Party, he introduced some radical reforms that he believed would benefit the country. ... The fall of the communist parties in Bulgaria and Albania soon followed. The revolution reached the Soviet Union as well. ... He immediately resigned as Communist party general secretary, suspended party activities, and placed reformers in charge of the military and KGB. ...

• Word Count: 1341
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

Under the rule of Lenin, there could be only one party, which was the Communist, to run the government. Opposition parties were all eliminated. ... Lenin made himself the dictator and the Communist parties held the total power. ... Both sides reached compromise. ... He was the head of the Soviet Communist party and the Russian Government in 1929. ...

• Word Count: 2474
• Approx Pages: 10

Palmer explains: "Castro, first secretary of the Cuban Communist party, the only party permitted, ruled as a dictator. ... This included rockets that could reach Washington D.C., missiles that could reach the Midwest, and even fighter-bombers armed with nuclear warheads. ...

• Word Count: 1396
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

Kennedy usually backed bills sponsored by his party but would sometimes show independence by voting with the Republicans. ... Despite Kennedy's wavering within his own party platform, John F. ... Kennedy did take steps to encourage both businesses and private citizens to reach an agreement with Castro and contribute to the ransom. ... No agreements were reached on any important issues and the Soviet premier made it clear that the Soviet Union untended to pursue an even more aggressive policy toward the United States. ...

• Word Count: 1882
• Approx Pages: 8

The remaining 182 parties to the treaty have agreed to not seek the development of nuclear weapons technology nor be the recipients of any such technology or its control. In addition, under Article VI, the Parties of the Treaty agree to seek total nuclear disarmament "at an early date (NPT)-. In an effort toward total disarmament and preventing non-Nuclear Weapons States from developing such weaponry, the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty was born and signed by the Parties of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. The CTBT, in essence prohibits its Parties from conducting or aiding in the condu...

• Word Count: 2086
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

After the agreements reached at Yalta were made public in 1946, they were harshly criticized in the United States. ... Instead, communist governments were established in all those countries, noncommunist political parties were suppressed, and genuinely democratic elections were never held. ... The United States, although never a party to any sphere of influence agreement, indicated its generally limited interest in Europe when Roosevelt at the first plenary meeting in Yalta, said "the United States would take all reasonable steps to preserve peace, but not at the expense of keeping a large ...

• Word Count: 2338
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Some may question this theory on the basis of not knowing what the party being influenced would do in the absence of the actor that has power. ... Furthermore, if there is no threat of retaliation on behalf of the injured party the aggressor would naturally seek to obtain power for himself. ... The two nations managed to reach a compromise hours before the first nuclear warhead was scheduled to launch, resulting in WWIII or possibly worst. ...

• Word Count: 1392
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

When asked to produce tangible evidence of this, McCarthy only released one name, Owen Lattimore, which proved to be a nonexistent member of the State Department with no ties to the Communist party (Fariello 91). ... After a lengthy trial the case had reached the U.S. ... Finally, the craze had reached the homes and communities of America, proving to be a national crisis. ...

• Word Count: 1414
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

What Raymond Aron's paradox implies that even though they were in opposition, the nuclear forces they both maintained had the potential to ensure mutual destruction, and the best way to ensure mutual survival would be to be able to reach some agreements. ... The Cuban paradox led the two superpowers to reach a number of limited agreements that would set the pace for a period of thawing' in the Cold War. ... During the seventies the process of détente reached new heights. ... In this treaty, both parties agreed that their objectives lay within peace and the relaxation of te...

• Word Count: 1917
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Soviets brought the Communist Party in control and the French did not allow the formation of parties at all in their zone. In contrast to that USA and Britain assisted the development of a whole range of parties.2 In November 1946 the head of the American occupation forces Lucius D. ... The only option was to reach the city by plane and so on June 25th started an eleven months campaign in which American and English pilots provided food, coal and other provision in over 277.000 flights.10 Important in this campaign is that there was no Soviet attack on each of the flights. ...

• Word Count: 2360
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The United States was not a party to the Geneva Agreements and began to foster the creation of a Vietnamese regime in South Vietnam's autocratic president Ngo Dinh Diem, who deposed Bao Dai in October 1955, resisted holding an election on the reunification of Vietnam. ... By late 1967, his headquarters was claiming that the crossover point had been reached and that enemy strength was being destroyed faster than it could be replenished. ... Nixon, announced a program of Vietnamization, which basically represented a return to the Eisenhower and Kennedy policies of helping Vietnamese forces ...

• Word Count: 1860
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Active in the Democratic Party, Truman was elected a judge of the Jackson County Court in 1922 and he became a Senator in 1934. ... Soon after V-E Day, the war against Japan had reached its final stage (millercenter.org). ... Tensions among Western Europe, The United States, and the Soviets were rising, and fear of communism reaching Western Europe was anything but uncommon. ...

• Word Count: 2478
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate