The Diaspora gives birth to a new human being: the African American, who links together the African and the American culture. ... This line is a sort of leitmotiv in slave literature, because of its incisiveness and clearness. ... The phase of transition from Africa to America took place on the slave ship which had two important functions: the first was the "transmutation", which meant that the transportation of the bodies of Africans across the Atlantic Ocean transformed them into slaves and created a new kind of man: the African American. ... The meaning of Middle Passage is not confi...

• Word Count: 4160
• Approx Pages: 17
• Grade Level: High School

Music for the black American has always been an encoded language, a means of unification and cultural preservation. The literature, like the music, depends on a communal understanding, and the creativity is held together by a constant beat, like the double bass in an improvisation. ... The streams of consciousness almost seem beyond the prose style of the novel, rather they present to us a poetic state that provide the rhythm and conscious of music, rather than literature. ... The reader must observe that the singing is an allusion to the community itself, their own emotion and their accept...

• Word Count: 3100
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

With the decline of the Amerindian population, labor from Africa formed the basis of the exploitation of the gold and agricultural resources of the export sectors of the Americas, with sugar plantations absorbing well over two thirds of slaves carried across the Atlantic by the major European and Euro-American powers. ... The short answer to the first of these two questions is that European expansion to the Americas was to mainly tropical and semi-tropical areas. ... African capacity to resist Europeans ensured that sugar plantations were established in the Americas rather than in Africa. ......

• Word Count: 4994
• Approx Pages: 20
• Grade Level: Undergraduate