The mining of silver in Colonial Spanish America and gold mining in Colonial Portuguese America dominated the international commerce and economic markets of the world for many centuries. ... The gold mining in Mexico began in 1490s during early exploration of America. ... Most of the workforce in the silver mines consisted of native population who were forced into slavery. ... Many natives who resisted the occupation of Spanish died as a result of wars and battles. ... The enslavement of natives further added to the decline of native populations. ...

• Word Count: 1679
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Gender Construction of Women in Early America Life was difficult in the early colonization of North America by the Europeans. The Native people were being forced off the land they had lived on for thousands of years, and forced to adopt they ways of the colonizers. ... In most of the Native American cultures, women were valued beings. ... As in the Native American culture, in most West African societies it was the women who dominated agriculture. ... This was the most stability a slave in North America could hope for. ...

• Word Count: 2256
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Captivity narratives of Americans relate the experiences of whites enslaved by Native Americans and Africans enslaved by Americans. Two widely read captivity narratives are The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano by Olaudah Equiano and are A Narrative of Captivity by Mary Rowlandson, in which relate the experiences of an eleven-year-old African male captured for the American slave market and of an adult white woman captured by Native Americans. ... Rowlandson's situation and her attitude toward her captors improve as she becomes better acquainted with the women in the Nat...

• Word Count: 1490
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The bearing of Spanish colonization is characterized mostly by the efforts of converting Native Americans into Christians and the impact, although not positive, of spreading disease to the people of the Americas. ... Columbus and his men introduced horses to the Americas and in essence, Native American tribes began incorporating these animals to make them more mobile in hunting and general transportation efforts. ... The conversion of Native Americans to Christianity often resulted in violence. ... Nonetheless, the Spanish missionaries of Father Junipero Sonoma noted the success of the Span...

• Word Count: 1667
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

These types of servants we made up European, and native people. ... Cotton became a staple in America, which primarily carried their financial state in New York. African slaves were being placed in plantations to do work which the Americans saw fit for their capabilities only, opposed to the domestic servants. ... There were many disadvantages in native and white slavery that they did not face with the Africans; native people refused work and tried to escape, as well as the supply of natives was limited and whites worked on contracts, time limits and had legal protection[Sim14]. ... These peop...

• Word Count: 1533
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It was the first time for Caliban to be seen as a dispossessed native. ... However, gradually assumptions about The Tempest's relations with American colonization accumulated and "American school" of Tempest interpretation began to emerge. ... This view was widely accepted; however, few critics of that day showed sympathy toward Native Americans because they still described Caliban as a wild creature who had developed from a savage into a civilized under Prospero's education, as Native Americans under the white's enigmas. ... Caliban was no longer just an American Indian, he...

• Word Count: 2369
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In Becoming America, author Jon Butler persuasively argues that the late American colonial period of 1680-1770 was one of monumental change, the end result being an essentially "modern- culture. ... From its inception, American culture was tempered and enriched by ethnic pluralism. ... Yet the experience of African slaves and the Native American Indians starkly contrasts with that of the European immigrant groups, and describes a second, darker facet to American culture that still exists today. ... Butler proves that these characteristics of American culture and the American people have their ...

• Word Count: 2312
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Graduate

They also initiated the first racist thoughts in the Americas. ... Indian populations were decimated and the few remaining natives pushed westward. ... He encouraged his men to rape native women as young as nine or ten, and he punished minor offenses against him by cutting off the natives' noses and ears (Casas, 12). ... Others followed his example, shipping Natives from various parts of North America both to Europe and to the Caribbean. ... They"d probably feel a lot like our Native Americans feel about honoring Columbus. ...

• Word Count: 1503
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

Why America Allows slavery in the 21st century? ... Even though the colonizers worked in some ways along with the Native Americans, they also intimidated them with their weapons and all because of their ignorance. ... Other US corporations don't even need to bring them to America. They go to poor countries in Central and South America looking for people who will set for lower wages than Americans. ... It is not only Americas fault. ...

• Word Count: 1523
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

In addition to affecting eachother the early development of America before 1760 has influenced our society today. ... As with all of the early colonies, Pennsylvania socially developed with the Native Americans in both positive and negative ways. ... The south's interaction with both slaves and Native Americans helped shape their social development. ... Traditionally Native Americans fought wars with warriors but the whites killed everyone, destroying entire villages. ... Massachusetts set standards for education and their trade policies helped develop Americas foreign relations. ...

• Word Count: 1368
• Approx Pages: 5

In Red Leaves Faulkner tells a story Native Americans who own slaves on their plantation. ... The dialogue also gives clues about how they culturally live, not so much like Native Americans but more like white men, though the Native American's talk about both with distaste. Although the Native American's live like white men on their plantation, they still hold true to certain rituals when the chief of their tribe dies. ... Faulkner was able to give you a child's point of view in That Evening Sun or Uncle Willy and then give you the point of view of a Native American tribe. ....

• Word Count: 1764
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

A combination of internal disputes in and inter-tribal rivalry among African ethnic groups, unsuitable demographic and physical attributes of Native Americans to labor, and economic infrastructure to be set up in the virgin lands facilitated slave trade, also conveyed African slaves to the heart of the new Atlantic World. Firstly, one of the main causes of conveying slaves to the new world is the dispute between opposing and competing groups of native Africans. ... To move onto another important argument, Native Americans were inappropriate by means of demographic and physical attributes to l...

• Word Count: 1449
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is here that the African involvement comes into play, as obviously the natives to the area were not afraid of disease that they were immune to. It is interesting to note, however, that African natives did not simply grab and sell anyone to the Europeans that they could get their hands on. ... The Europeans had a need that only African betrayal of its natives could satisfy. ... There were eight primary areas used by Europeans slave traders and Africans to obtain and import slave natives to the Western Hemisphere. ... Between the year 1650 and 1900, it is estimated that over 10.24 million en...

• Word Count: 1258
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Would you agree that African culture survived more strongly in the Caribbean colonies than in North America? ... North American slaves lived together in buildings near to their place of work. ... By setting aside their forced leaving of their native Africa the slaves emerged with new identities with local roots but all based on their strong cultural belief and need for kinship. ... Like America, slave religion in the Caribbean shared a great deal of the same features. ... Like America the Caribbean h...

• Word Count: 2095
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Unlike South Africa where there was a strong sense of tribal unity or in Brazil where slaves were imported relatively frequently giving them a sense of family and a bond with each other, American slaves were second or third generation slaves who new nothing of there culture or native lands and who where stripped from there family at a early age. ... Portugal Unlike England was very small in native population and discouraged people from settling there. ... The native population was too weak to do the type of hard labor that the settlers wanted them to do. ... The Dutch Then began to enslave ...

• Word Count: 2418
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

African-Americans, though legal slavery has been abolished for over 100 years, still have not completely achieved the respect and status of the dominant group in the United States. African-Americans had to endure such harsh treatment, but how can any criteria be established by which to grant reparations. ... Though I personally have never been to Africa, I guess because of my comfort in the environment I was raised in, I"d rather be right here in America. In this paper, I will discuss my views on the reparations for African Americans. Africans were seized from their native land, and sold...

• Word Count: 1457
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Because Africans were both accessible and used to the tropical climate, they became the staple for American slave labor. ... The opportunity to find slaves in the Americas was nixed when many of the Native Americans died from the foreign European pioneers' diseases. ... Slaves were transported from Africa to the Americas in a complicated process. The triangular trade route, called the transatlantic slave trade, connected the Americas, Europe and Africa. ... The shipment process of slaves from Africa to the Americas was often uncivilized and killed 13% of all captors (Gomez 2005, 73). ...

• Word Count: 1892
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

Olaudah Equiano, a native of the African province Eboe and author of The Interesting Narrative experienced the cruel and inhumane life of a slave. ... He faced slavery on several fronts, in his native Africa, the West Indies, Europe and America. ... It is no wonder so many of these African natives would prefer death to slavery. ... The inhumane treatment of the African natives was left unattended throughout the duration and a prejudice against them was all but expected, much of which remains today. ...

• Word Count: 1722
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The spice trade started as soon as Christopher Columbus explored the Atlantic Ocean and found the Americas. Columbus introduced sugarcane to the islands and with the sugarcane the natives on the islands discovered that with the juices from the cane they could make rum with the fermented sugarcane juice and since that time rum has been the drink in the islands. ... The native Indians had many food products before the Spanish and Europeans came over to explore the Islands. The native Indians made a lot of stews out of goats which was the main animal on the islands before the exploration age star...

• Word Count: 1643
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The first quatrain draws upon her new self as an American. ... As an African American woman slave, Wheatley had to read only what was thoughtfully handed down to her by white Americans. ... Wheatley's skillfully chose to write in a level that was at her audience's caliber; "and it must be borne in mind that she was neither reading, nor writing, nor speaking to her audience in her native language," (Kafka 46). ... Phillis Wheatley used double meanings to speak what was otherwise unspeakable from her position as an African American woman slave in Revolutionary America. ... She parallel...

• Word Count: 2218
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

This canal would link the Atlantic Ocean to the middle of America. ... Cotton is native to tropical regions, making the southern states of the U.S a perfect breeding ground. By 1830 America was producing half the world's cotton. ... Tubman was one of America's first civil right activists. ... Now, no Africans Americans is safe anywhere. ...

• Word Count: 1311
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

When different lands and continents were discovered by conquerors, they came upon the natives of these islands and place who had a much different way of worship than they did. There were stone gods or idols that these natives prayed to. ... Tornton believes that the Africans fully believed in this practice of mediumship. pg 239. they used this means of communication to know the whereabouts of lost natives, or the method of ruling their domains. ... Thornton express knowledge of the afro - american culture using the Santeria of Cuba, Cuba is a spanish caribbean island...

• Word Count: 1957
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: High School

Enslaved African Americans developed a sense of racial identity. ... Yet through, storytelling, religion and music African Americans managed to preserve their culture. ... Spirituals - Were a genre of religious folk song founded in American black and white musical traditions. ... In the colonial period, African slaves usually clung to their native religions, and many slave owners were suspicious of others who sought to convert their slaves to Christianity, in part because they feared that converted slaves would have to be freed. During the decades following the American Revolution, however, ...

• Word Count: 2002
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Examining the role that religion played in the African-American community, primarily pre-civil war, can be a difficult task due to the limited amount of evidence available.1 While it is a common notion that slavery life was embedded with Christian ideals, a Christian-like ideology is likely more accurate.2 Syncretism occurred with the combining of African tradition and Christian principles to create an African-American spirituality specific to its people. ... This conglomeration of ideals to form an authentic African-American spirituality with Christian and African overtones has been descri...

• Word Count: 1954
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Set in the palaces and boardrooms of Europe and in the villages of central Africa, it tells the story of the tragedy that took place during Leopold's so called rule, a tragedy that is so familiar to African-Americans, being told of our African brothers residing in the homeland. ... Leopold enlisted Stanley, a seemingly murderously natured person, to first chart the territory and set up a rudimentary infrastructure of posts and pathways, to the native guides and porters. ... He considered native Africans subhuman and thought nothing of destroying villages and impressing their occupants int...

• Word Count: 2087
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate