Numbers facts are to math as the alphabet is to reading, without them a person cannot fully succeed. ... A "known " fact is one that is "answered automatically and correctly without counting " (Greenwald, 2011). ... Is it possible for students to advance without being secure? ... "Math Facts ARE important for children to learn without the aid of electronics. ... "Number lines, charts, counters, and calculators are great tools to introduce addition, subtraction, and multiplication, but the bottom line is that fluency and knowing the correct answers to math facts is essential! ...

• Word Count: 1860
• Approx Pages: 7

and the adding machine, otherwise known as a calculator (then it was called thePascaline.?) ... The vaccum theories by Pascal, as well as Einstein are still considered today, so that goes without saying that his adding machine has part in the present as well. ... Multiplication and division were merely programmed as subdivisions of this idea. ... Computers and calculators today use that same general technique in their mathematical doings as well. ...

• Word Count: 503
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

It was a calculator that you fed numbers by turning dials. ... A German man, Gottfried Leibniz added a gearing system to enable multiplication on Pascal's computer. Charles Babbage of Great Britain invented the first desktop calculator. ... In 1890 Herman Hollerith and James Powers for the census developed a devise that could read information on cards without anyone intermediation. ...

• Word Count: 911
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

The inspiration for the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, or ENIAC, occurred in the early 1930's when Mauchly, long frustrated with the slow pace of traditional calculators, began thinking of building his own calculating machine. Calculators of the time took approximately ten seconds to complete a computation after the enter button was pressed. ... Many electronic calculators would be working simultaneously on parts of difficult calculations. ... It could perform 5,000 additions and 300 multiplications per second. ...

• Word Count: 2344
• Approx Pages: 9

Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human (Dolotta, 1985). ... It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention. ... This machine became known as ENIAC, for Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator (Chposky, 1988). It could multiply two numbers at the rate of 300 products per second, by finding the value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory. ... In 1945 he un...

• Word Count: 2566
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human (Dolotta, 1985). ... It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention. ... This machine became known as ENIAC, for Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator (Chposky, 1988). It could multiply two numbers at the rate of 300 products per second, by finding the value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory. ... In 1945 he un...

• Word Count: 2510
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Two men, Herman Hollerith and James Powers, developed a new punched-card system that could automatically read information on cards without human (Dolotta, 1985). ... It was slow, requiring 3 to 5 seconds for a multiplication, but it was fully automatic and could complete long computations without human intervention. ... This machine became known as ENIAC, for Electrical Numerical Integrator And Calculator (Chposky, 1988). It could multiply two numbers at the rate of 300 products per second, by finding the value of each product from a multiplication table stored in its memory. ... In 1945 he un...

• Word Count: 2566
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Another early calculator, later called Napier's Bones, made its debut in the early 1600's. This device, invented by Charles Napier, consisted of a series of rods that could be used to perform multiplication. ... It was not until 1820 that a mechanical calculator, developed by Charles Xavier Thomas, was introduced that could perform all four basic arithmetic operations. While Thomas was busy creating the desktop calculator, Charles Babbage (a mathematics professor in Cambridge, England), began to design a more complex machine. ... This monster of a machine was known as the Electri...

• Word Count: 7384
• Approx Pages: 30
• Grade Level: High School

In 1202, two years after finally settling in Pisa, Fibonacci produced his most famous book, Liber abaci - the book of the Calculator. ... At the end of the first part of the book, he presented tables for multiplication, prime numbers and factor numbers. ...

• Word Count: 3003
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

Through the years, and probably through the centuries, teachers have struggled to make math meaningful by providing students with problems and examples demonstrating its applications in everyday life. As this classic joke shows, some strategies are more successful -- and more meaningful -- than othe...

• Word Count: 6364
• Approx Pages: 25
• Grade Level: High School