People of minority status encompassed a broad spectrum of individuals. ... Those policies worked to desegregate and include minorities at a level that was inconceivable before the civil rights movement. ... These laws amongst others have been interpreted by many judges in order to counter act racially discriminating practices against minorities. ... Could racial minorities forever retreat back to those momentous court decisions and laws that were intended to rid our society of segregation and exclusion? ... His said it was "wrong to allow minority students with lower IQ scores than whites ...

• Word Count: 1573
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Precedents Martin v Struthers (1943): The right of freedom of speech and press includes not only the right to utter or to print, but the right to distribute, the right to receive, and the right to read. Weiman v Updegraff (1952): The right of freedom of speech and press includes the freedom of inquiry, freedom of thought, and freedom to teach. ... The Vote Majority: Douglas Concurring: Brennan, Harlan, White, Goldberg Minority: Black, Stewart Effect of the Decision This decision went a long way to establishing a basic sphere of personal privacy to which all people are entitled. ...

• Word Count: 623
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

Despite the continuous struggles of minorities in this country, this great land continues in its cycle of oppression. ... If an amendment to ban Gay marriage is instated, it will be the first time that the Constitution will have been used to transform a minority in the United States into second class citizens. ... These include pagan religions such as Wicca. ...

• Word Count: 831
• Approx Pages: 3

Despite the continuous struggles of minorities in this country, this great land continues in its cycle of oppression. ... If an amendment to ban Gay marriage is instated, it will be the first time that the Constitution will have been used to transform a minority in the United States into second class citizens. ... These include pagan religions such as Wicca. ...

• Word Count: 831
• Approx Pages: 3

The struggle for the right to vote was a strenuous one for minorities, women, immigrants, and even low-income whites. ... The Voting Rights Act of 1965 helped to solidify the voting rights of all Americans, and gave the Department of Justice the power to sue states that limited the voting rights of minorities. ... It is clear that Voter ID laws have a disproportionate effect on certain groups, including young people, senior citizens, minorities, and the low-income--all groups who tend to vote Democrat. ... These citizens are more often low-income, elderly or from minority communities. ... Som...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In fact, the notion that the judiciary would have the power to review and overturn an act of Congress was discussed at the Constitutional Convention, but the framers failed to include this power in the Constitution by not explicitly stating it in the document. ...

• Word Count: 2022
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The cyber law in the United States includes regulations established by Congress, legislature and courts. ... While the two situations usually involve many of the same online tactics, cyber stalking is almost always characterized by the stalker relentlessly pursuing hisher victim online and is much more likely to include some form of offline attack. ... Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights calls for the protection of free expression in all media: Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interferences...

• Word Count: 1158
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Reparations often include the payments of money or the return of property to individuals or groups. Others forms of reparations include formal apologies and changes in government policy. ... Some examples include racial profiling either on the job or by the police. ... Before I officially close this paper I have to ask this one last question: Why should minorities or other nations for that fact put their trust in a country that cannot honor their word. ...

• Word Count: 1296
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

They include his dogmatic language, ideological approach, and equation of correlated items as causal factors. ... Hofstader also mentions that the views of the majority founding fathers ignores the views of the minority of founding fathers. ...

• Word Count: 705
• Approx Pages: 3

These include individual rights common to most liberal democracies, such as equality before law, freedom of speech and expression, and peaceful assembly, freedom to practice religion, and the right to constitutional remedies for the protection of civil rights by means of writs such as habeas corpus. ... In 1928, the Nehru Commission composing of representatives of Indian political parties proposed constitutional reforms for India that apart from calling for dominion status for India and elections under universal suffrage, would guarantee rights deemed fundamental, representation ...

• Word Count: 1075
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The separation of each branch includes their individual responsibilities, and their method of being elected as well as the terms they serve and the length of those terms. ... Both authors then continued to explain how Majorities often threaten the rights of minorities. ...

• Word Count: 1087
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Assignment The Declaration of Independence states "that all men are created equal." What did the Founders mean by "all men?" How have Constitutional amendments, federal laws and the courts expanded or contracted Americans' civil rights over time? Provide examples to back up what you say. Discuss ...

• Word Count: 1024
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

During the 1820's and 1830s, Jacksonian Democrats viewed themselves as the guardians of the Constitution. These strict constructionists, easily comparable to Thomas Jefferson's early Republican party, influenced an increase in the people's participation in the national government and the amount of v...

• Word Count: 1094
• Approx Pages: 4

It also includes the right to elect government officials of the people's will, which was clearly not the case for every member of the american society at that time. ... Thomas Jefferson himself, again, was no good example of equal treatment to either women of people of minority. ...

• Word Count: 1008
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

But the practice of excluding minorities from juries persisted. ... But they also include fraud, drug offenses, racketeering, perjury (lying under oath), and other wrongdoing seen as a threat to society. ...

• Word Count: 1074
• Approx Pages: 4

While dust still filled the air where the World Trade Center towers had once stood tall, actions were already underway to raise new walls of security around the nation. Congress, desperate to ward off further acts of terrorism, and equally eager to provide a sense of security in the minds of its c...

• Word Count: 2045
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Like the pre cogs in minority report, the NSA, using elaborate computer programs can predict ones actions based on game theory and preferences from information gathered from websites. ... And last, provide a return address on both the body of the letter and the envelope, include the date. ...

• Word Count: 1630
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Trudeau also wanted to include in the constitution a Charter of Rights and Freedoms that would guarantee Canadians the basic freedoms of speech, religion and association and would prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex, colour and creed. ... At the same time it recognized the anglophone minority in Quebec as a fundamental characteristic of Canada, as well as the francophone minority elsewhere in Canada (Cairns 1988). ...

• Word Count: 2748
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The formal constitutional responsibilities vested in the presidency of the United States include serving as commander in chief of the armed forces; negotiating treaties; appointing federal judges, ambassadors, and cabinet officials; and acting as head of state. In practice, presidential powers have expanded to include drafting legislation, formulating foreign policy, conducting personal diplomacy, and leading the president's political party. ... Powers granted to Congress under the Constitution include the power to levy taxes, borrow money, regulate interstate commerce, impeach and convic...

• Word Count: 3105
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Without this Amendment, a religious minority could be mistreated, the government would set up a religion; protesters could be harmed or jailed and the press would not be able to bring us facts about the government. ...

• Word Count: 2064
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

There is a social unrest in America these days regarding the Government's denial of the right to marry to many homosexual. Those completely against gay marriage, mainly conservatives and neo-Christian politicians who are using religious arguments to establish that sexuality is an atrocity. While on ...

• Word Count: 2327
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Without this Amendment, a religious minority could be mistreated, the government would set up a religion; protesters could be harmed or jailed and the press would not be able to bring us facts about the government. ...

• Word Count: 2212
• Approx Pages: 9

THURGOOD MARSHALL During the 20th century I have read many books, newspaper articles and seen news broadcasts on two of the most famous Afro American Pioneers: Martin Luther King and Thurgood Marshall. Martin Luther King fought all his life for equal rights for Afro Americans, but Thurgood Marshall help elevate the Afro American civil rights struggles through legal precedents and timely court decisions. Thomas G. Kraftenmaker a professor of Constitutional law at Georgetown University Law Center wrote, "When I think of great American lawyers I think of Thurgood Marshall, Abe Lincoln and Dani...

• Word Count: 3527
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

At the beginning of our national history, it was written in our earliest state and national constitutions that "all men are born free and equal, and have natural, essential, and unalienable rights." Over time, the phrase "all men" began to be defined as "all men," meaning mankind, a word including w...

• Word Count: 3780
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School