The English period of Renaissance led to the breaking of the medieval knowledge and philosophy, infusing a new spirit of freedom, introducing a note of patriotism and national glorification, and also accompanying a revolt against the authority of the Pope. ... It developed during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries and was a response to the challenge of medieval scholastic education, emphasizing practical, pre-professional and scientific studies. ... This was accomplished through the study of the studia humanitatis, today known as the humanities: grammar, rhetoric, history, poetry and moral...

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