Each type of actor has a set of characteristic relational contents that represent and measure potential connections between them. ... Work relations can be characterized by measuring the intensity or strength of the ties by the frequency of conversations between pairs of employees. ... The measures can indicate the degree of relational concentration for an actor relative to others. ... The specific measures or implications of intensity or strength of ties vary according to which substantive contents in a particular social network. ...

• Word Count: 2000
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Research on adult differential association theory is limited when one searches for studies that includes in the analysis measures of both theoretical perspectives. ... You have to adjust certain measures taken in order to justify the research in the questions provided. ... However, Sutherland received criticism because his ideas were difficult to operationalize and measure. ... For example, how could someone measure the intensity of associations and interactions with others? ... In order to measure someone's feelings, this is a nominal approach, and you cannot measure feelings. ...

• Word Count: 2164
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One of the first people who tried to establish a standard for measuring poverty was Charles Booth, who looked at basic requirements needed to maintain a physically healthy existence, which is sufficient food and shelter to make possible the physically efficient functioning of the body. ... The most common way to measure poverty is by household income. ... Other reliable measures of health came from medical models which suggest that health is related to a host of social factors including income, education, housing and environmental conditions. ... The artefact explanation argues that the me...

• Word Count: 1845
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Attitudes are not easy to measure accurately. The most common way to measure attitudes is questionnaires which rely on answers from participants. ... Friske (2004) stated that self-report measures such as questionnaires are more precise when obtaining external attitudes rather than internal attitudes. ... Another method that has been used to measure the link is called the 'bogus pipeline technique' which tricks participants into thinking they are connected to a lie detector. ...

• Word Count: 1527
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

McKinley's work in the 1990s on two complimentary measures of poverty: • Income poverty - covering the ability to purchase food, clothing and shelter And more interestingly • Capability poverty- covering the ability, or lack of, to live a healthy life, free of avoidable disease; having adequate nourishment; being informed and knowledgeable; being capable of reproducing; being personally secure; and being able to actively participate in society. ... The way in which social policy-makers define and measure poverty affects how it is tackled. 2.2 Employment and Oc...

• Word Count: 2122
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Scheffer quoted "Stigma leads others to avoid living, socializing or working with, renting to, or employing people with mental disorders, especially severe disorders such as schizophrenia" (Scheffer, 2003) Attesting Measures of Stigma The measure that takes to attest the stigma is: 1. ... Unemployment is also one of the attesting measures. ...

• Word Count: 1531
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

The result of the effect on individuals within a positive social support group is a decreased burden of stress, which is perceived to be shared among members of the social group and in turn result in improvement in physiological measures of health. ... The WHO outlines specific measures on the social and individual benefits of education early on in life and positive educational environments that promote learning and mental as well as emotional development. ...

• Word Count: 1310
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Such as during the 1997 boxing match where Mike Tyson bit off a large part of Evander Holyfield's ear this event was not prosecuted in a criminal court but was left up to the Nevada boxing officials to decide what disciplinary measures would be taken. ... The common man can not imitate the actions because we do not experience the same set of disciplinary measures of such high-profile athletes. ...

• Word Count: 1293
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

The novel "The Handmaid's Tale" by Margaret Attwood tells the story of a near future oppressive society governed by an elite group - men. This society, The Republic of Gilead is at war, blocks external influences, uses propaganda in order to further the ideology of the society, rules by force and op...

• Word Count: 1443
• Approx Pages: 6

And, 4-poverty alleviation measures. ... When the paper came for review in an inter-governmental meeting, the Finance Minister and Special Adviser to the Prime Minister (Shahid Javed Burki) fully supported the proposals meant to give to the SBP a measure of autonomy but the senior bureaucrats of the Ministry of Finance showed a lukewarm, if not a hostile, attitude to the proposed reforms. ... In his address to the nation on August 19, 1993, the Caretaker Prime Minister, while outlining a programe of socio-economic reforms, stated that measures were to be taken "to turn the Sta...

• Word Count: 2277
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In addition, they used the randomized response technique to measure individual answers against the group's answers. ... Their results proved social learning theory to be an applicable and acceptable defining measure to explain adolescent smoking. ...

• Word Count: 1862
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Adler (1975) and David (1971) have argued that, although culture shock is most often linked with negative outcomes, it may, in small measures, be consequential for self-development and growth. ... Utilizing supervisors" and subordinates" ratings as the measure of performance, an attempt was made to demarcate what factors contributed to success. ...

• Word Count: 1472
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

women and their resources were centrally involved in prevailing development policies and practices, though not in ways that benefited women. Appropriating women's resources - land, time, food and energy resources, paid and unpaid labor, community networks for maintaining health, political and econ...

• Word Count: 1735
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Clearly, just as the Nazis wanted to mend the European society from the so called malady of those judged less than human, and just as during the Cold War the proliferation and possible detonation of nuclear weapons were deem as the only measures of liberating the human race from a constructed evil. ... And I personally feel compelled to state that man in today's society justifies his cruel actions by measuring the level of authority he possesses over others and ultimately giving him the right to eradicate life. ...

• Word Count: 1764
• Approx Pages: 7

In the case of GM crops, there has been some measure of success; many local councils, bowing to community pressure, have introduced a GM-free zone in areas under their dominion. ... But this movement can be accorded some measure of success if judged by other factors. ...

• Word Count: 1466
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

For this reason a variety of new methods of measuring stress have been developed and refined. ... Choi and Wodarski, 1996, concluded that contradicting results depend on the researches foci and measures of social support. ...

• Word Count: 1971
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Nevertheless, positivist victimology has "ensured the development and refinement of quantitative measures of victimisation" throughout the discipline of victimology. ... However, with no tangible evidence to support this, it is difficult to measure and come to substantial conclusions. ...

• Word Count: 1596
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Violenta's fall from a reputed paragon of feminine virtue and subsequent turn to violent measures is portrayed as a fatal consequence of a flawed social system rather than, as was the belief of the time, a violence innate to the female body. ... Thus, the text reveals the paradox: sexual chastity was not a measure of how truly virtuous a woman is, but rather was an important negotiation tool in securing a husband, getting paid off in a sense by said husband's wealth, and cementing a woman's societal status as a "proper" woman. ...

• Word Count: 1986
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

We have set up some monitoring indicators for measuring the development of strategies frequently checking these indicators we will get updates about the present stage of development. So each and every time we can take corrective measures. ...

• Word Count: 1819
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Rural Life Comparison: 16th Century France vs. 17th Century China Natalie Zemon Davis' book The Return Of Martin Guerre is an excellently detailed, understandable and well-researched account of the famous Martin Guerre and his impostor, Arnauld du Tilh. But even further than only outlining the t...

• Word Count: 1444
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The topics that are so enthusiastically brought up in this book, Gender, Development, and Globalization, are all topics that have been discussed to great lengths by many others authors; however, Benerí takes a unique approach to trying to unify these ideas into one definitive issue. Beneria sees ...

• Word Count: 1405
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

INTRODUCTION Norms, values and beliefs vary widely across cultures. All cultures are driven by guidelines that direct or conduct particular situations. These guidelines are what are known as norms. Norms are abstract (not written down) guides for behaviour in certain situations. For example the way...

• Word Count: 1420
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

Today's world is a world of total surveillance. Video cameras, secret shoppers, and thumb print scanners are only the beginning of a long list of devises that are used today to keep society "in check". In Staples essay, he argues that surveillance has engulfed our cultures and has infiltrated ever...

• Word Count: 1321
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Language ideology sometimes simply referred simply as linguistic ideology is a conception majorly applied in the field of cross-cultural studies, sociolinguistics and anthropology to typify any form of feelings. These feelings concerns language as applied under social phenomenon. When these language...

• Word Count: 1334
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The entry into the social world has presented the contemporary sociologist to expand and examined sociological approaches with wide array of changes occupied by individuals in a society. This in turn articulate the contemporary sociologist to define the discipline of sociology and developed models a...

• Word Count: 1745
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate