Several sophisticated statistical models have attempted to measure the net effect of firearms on criminal violence. ... Thus, as opponents of gun control correctly contend, gun control measures in the United States, if anything, contribute to increased criminal violence because they deny guns to honest citizens but not to criminals. ...
Common measures included: greatly lengthened prison sentences; removal of discretion from judges through mandatory minimum sentencing schemes and strict guideline systems; expansion of conspiracy laws to include people only peripherally involved in an offense; loosening of the evidentiary requirements to prove conspiracy; and "school-zone" sentencing enhancements that apply to a large percentage of all drug cases in many urban areas, although the majority of such cases do not involve minors or take place on school grounds . ... Voters in both Arizona and California have overwhelmingly approve...
Abstract In the past couple of decades, public schools in the United States have enforced increasingly punitive methods of discipline. In response to perceived elevation in juvenile crime and school violence, the Clinton Administration signed into law the Gun-Free Schools act of 1994. The act requir...
U.C.R represents data that is; "actual offences, those reported or detected offences that have been found , upon preliminary investigation to have actually occurred, as opposed to being unfounded."2 Therefore, official data is a measure of information collected and accounted for on those crimes that have come to the attention of the police. ... "Crime statistics do not measure criminal behaviour they measure the response of various agencies to their perceptions of crime."4 We can then determine that the quote in the daily by statistics Canada may hold to be flawed by lack of unifor...
IV. Introduction What is this whole idea about the Death Penalty? Is it really effective? " The death penalty is commonly defined as a punishment inflicted upon a criminal for a crime that they have committed." To some it is an inhumane way of solving crime. ...
As Eysenck and Gudjonsson (1989) stated: "What is inherited are certain peculiarities of the brain and nervous system that interact with certain environmental factors and thereby increase the likelihood that a person will act in a particular antisocial manner in a given situation" Eysenck believed that he could measure the three character traits using a personality questionnaire, designed to identify individuals with particular tendencies. ... They found the results showed supposedly less criminal tendencies than a sample measure of non-criminals from the same ethnic backgrounds. ...
Several limitations of crime victim surveys as a means of measuring the extent of sexual violence have been identified: • Information gained by these surveys is limited by the questions asked, and the composition of the database. ... Male Victims There is no measure of the true incidence of sexual violence among men. ...
He used the average as a means of measuring the intellectual and mediocrity of the population. ... Measuring the heads of the living and executed criminals against the skulls of apes and prehistoric humans to what he considered as primitive people. ...
According to Sproule and Kennett, "Canada's favourable situation regarding murder relative to the United States is to a large measure the result of Canadian gun control, and Canadians must be vigilant against any erosion of our gun control provisions" (250). ...
The so-called "death penalty" has been around since the ancient Greek times, when Socrates, at the age of 70, was brought to trial and charged with "not believing in the gods the state believed in, introducing different new divine powers, and corrupting the young. Socrates was summoned to drink t...
All of my life I've wanted to be an officer of the law, more specifically an R.C.M.P. Though as my life went on and I grew older I realized that these goals maybe unreachable. So I set out in the world of finding a career that would satisfy my financial and family needs, and personal goals. In the next few paragraphs I will try to describe how my work history never compared to my goals and expectations of my dreams, and hopefully come to some conclusions on where they lead me. My dream of being a police officer started at a very young age, as a child playing I was always a cop, never ...
Before the 18th Century prisons were just a means for holding prisoners before trial rather than for use as 'punishment'. Sanctions for criminal behavior tended to be public events which included whipping, branding, physical torture and even execution. This was designed to shame the criminal and deter others. In the 18th Century public punishment started to decline and the use of prison grew as a means for punishment. However reformers such as John Howard attacked the prison conditions stating they were inhumane and full of disease (http://www.howardleague.org). ...
"The Times found that during the last 20 years, the homicide rate in states with the death penalty has been 48 percent to 101 percent higher than in states without the death penalty- (Bonner & Fessenden, 2000). Capital punishment is ethically wrong, it does not decrease crime, and innocent people are being killed. The government should abolish this law for the sake of people's lives. The death penalty makes no sense. The government is killing people who cannot do any harm because the crimﴱᄃinals are in prison. ...
What Cops See and Know Criminal investigators have numerous responsibilities when conducting investigations such as following certain procedures and overcoming obstacles to obtain crucial evidence. Jackall describes how officers are required to write a report and research a case. However, Jackall described that in officer Tebbens" situation in researching a quadruple homicide acquiring evidence took extensive time and effort. Officer Tebbens was only given bits and pieces of evidence, an alias, and a few witnesses who were jumbled and confused about their recollection of the event. In c...
"The practice of transferring juveniles for trial and sentencing in adult criminal court has produced the unintended effect of increasing recidivism, particularly in violent offenders, and thereby of promoting life course criminality. " [Cen07] There are two sides to every coin. There are two sides to every story. The same can be said for the juvenile waiver process in the juvenile court system. A juvenile waiver is the procedure of transferring, or "waiving " a juvenile offender from juvenile jurisdiction up to the criminal adult jurisdiction within the court system. There are both benefits...
It is obvious that significant improvements have been made in the way that the criminal justice system deals with Blacks during the history of the United States. Blacks have not always been afforded a right to trial, not to mention a fair one. Additionally, for years, Blacks were unable to serve on ...
From the late 1980s, research on gender, crime and social issues, has hugely focused on the study of masculinity, and how there has become a correlation between masculinity and violence. Feminists have researched extensively on all types associated with gender, including gay and lesbian, thus acting towards the literature on masculinity slowly increasing within the past 20 years due to the pressure from feminist works. In this essay, I will begin by reviewing theories on masculinity, and evaluating why such ideas create the assumption that violence appears to be associated with masculinity. I ...
I. INTRODUCTION During the past century, the english-speaking legal world has experienced real and considerable change in the areas of criminal law and criminal sentencing procedures. These ever-changing systems of legal processes, rules, and theories are typically reflective of the society's cultural make-up, beliefs, and level of social advancement. As the common-law evolves and changes we gain deeper understandings of crime, the motivation of crime, and rehabilitation of criminals. Many legal jurisdictions often adopt different definitions on what is deemed a crime and how to t...
Whenever the word "death penalty" comes up, extremists from both sides of the spectrum begin to express their opinions. One side says deterrence, the other side says there's a potential of executing an innocent man. One says justice, retribution, and punishment, the other side says execution is murd...
Deterrence Leslie Cantu: Fear of death deters people from committing crimes, proponents say. They also believe that if attached to certain crimes, the penalty of death exerts a positive moral influence by placing a stigma on certain crimes like manslaughter, resulting in attitudes of disgust and h...
(Question 1) Juvenile delinquency is a complex social problem that significantly impacts all members and processes of a social structure. Delinquency refers to a set of behaviors that are not in line with the collective practices and/or ethics of the dominant social group. Essentially, these b...
