Wade observed the Supreme Court of the United States rule in favor for a woman to bear the constitutional right to an abortion within the first two trimesters of pregnancy. ... Wade, and ruled that the states could restrict abortions only during the final three months of pregnancy, a stage when medical experts considered the fetus capable of "meaningful life" outside the womb. ... Blackmun wrote the Court's majority opinion, the written document that announces the court's decision and explains its reasoning. Blackmun, along with seven other justices, ruled in favor of advocating ...

• Word Count: 547
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Rules and discipline are important to solving these very serious problems facing the nation's schools. ... Teachers and administrators spend too much time taking care of the few students who tend to cause the majority of the problems, while the rest get left with a sub-standard learning experience. ... Discipline Patterns Eventually, the continued presence of a "bad apple" in the classroom results in the student being thrown from the group to preserve the majority. ... Some sociologists have noticed that the majority of the students being punished and or removed in schools are African...

• Word Count: 787
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Judge Black ruled in the plaintiffs favor in April 2014. ... Judge Aleta Arthur Trauger ruled in favor of the plaintiffs in March 2014 (Oyez). ... " This progressive culture argument would eventually become a majority opinion in the Supreme Court. ... The two majority judges claimed that they could not ignore the precedent set by Baker vs Nelson in 1972. ... Therefore, the majority judges in the Sixth Circuit Court Appeals Case ruled in the exact same way as the precedent set before them. ...

• Word Count: 1936
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Ninth Circuit Court ruled that the use of the thermal imager was not in violation of Kyllos privacy. ... With this criterion, the Supreme Court ruled that the government's use of thermal imagining was unconstitutional. ... The opinion of the court was that of a majority opinion. ... Of course, with the majority of all cases, there are some dissenting opinions. ... The court ruled justly in striking down the use of the thermal imager. ...

• Word Count: 1483
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Democracy inhibited reforms because the white male majority was afraid of change. ... Also, the white male majority in the Supreme Court prevented any jurisdictional precedence's to defend equality. ... The majority rule however was a double edged sword. ... This evolution of majorities' powers gave rise to public protest, and other large demonstrations of public opinion. ... The strengths of democracy existed in the protection of free speech and press, the flexibilities of amendments, and the development of the powers of the majority. ...

• Word Count: 635
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

One of the basic tenets of American democracy is that the majority rules. ... Board of Education, judicial review may be used as a tool to protect minority groups from laws created by the majority. ... But it is important for democracy to protect the minority from mob rule? ... Hardwick where anti-sodomy laws that targeted homosexuals were first ruled constitutional, and now, it is the again Supreme Court's focus in Lawrence and Garner v. ... Moral precepts are rules of behavior based on ideas of right and wrong (Ranney, 2001). ...

• Word Count: 930
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Analysis of the Case The Supreme Court ruled 7-2 in favor of Griswold and found that Connecticut statute was invalid as an unconstitutional invasion of the right of privacy of married persons. The Supreme Court ruled that the "statute forbidding use of contraceptives violates the right of marital privacy which is within the penumbra of specific guarantees of the Bill of Rights." According to Justice Douglas, who wrote the majority opinion, the rights people have are more than what can be read in the literal language of the Constitutional text. ... The Vote Majority: Douglas Concurring: B...

• Word Count: 623
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

The prime function of the judicial branch is to interpret the law in such a way that rules made in the past can be applied reasonably in the present. ... These rules were established so that justices would be free from political pressures that might influence their decision. ... One of the justices writes the majority opinion, a statement of the court's decision and its reasons. ... A justice who disagrees with the majority opinion may write a dissenting opinion. ... The court as crossed into areas traditionally left to that of the lawmaking majorities, so the legitimacy of the courts hav...

• Word Count: 802
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

In the case the court ruled that the states are not forbidden to use evidence obtained from unreasonable search and seizure. The court ruled in favor of Mapp. ... Justice Clark presented the majority opinion. The majority opinion said that the right of privacy is an important value that has to be upheld. ... Majority opinion said that Federal and State laws should have the same approach in similar causes. ...

• Word Count: 821
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

However, a large majority of cases involve the harassment of women by their male bosses or fellow employees. ... In 1986, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled for the first time that sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination forbidden by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ... Canada's Supreme Court ruled in 1989 that sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination. ...

• Word Count: 309
• Approx Pages: 1
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In a 5-to-4 vote, the Supreme Court ruled that officials have the option to strip-search the people they arrest before admitting them to a jail regardless of the original offense or whether it is reasonable to suspect that they are carrying contraband. ... The federal appeals court was unable to come to a decision, but the majority agreed that strip-searches should not be allowed unless the officer had a reasonable suspicion of contraband. ...

• Word Count: 805
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In 1981 the Supreme Court ruled in R. v. ... The logic upon which Wray was based, and which led the majority in Rothman to conclude that a confession obtained by a police trick could not be excluded, finds no place in the Charter. To say there is no discretion to exclude a statement on grounds of unfairness to the suspect and the integrity of the judicial system, as did the majority in Rothman, runs counter to the fundamental philosophy of the Charter. ... Section 24(2) rejects the American rule that automatically excludes evidence obtained in violation of the Bill of Rights . . 9 Hebert...

• Word Count: 1175
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

The Federal Government The Federal Government The three branches of the federal government provide a base for the way we live our lives. The process by which the Judicial, Legislative, and Executive branches operate is long, but necessary. Each branch has a duty to watch the others th...

• Word Count: 4055
• Approx Pages: 16
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The central issue for Madison was how to minimize the risk of tyranny of a minority (dictatorship) as well as tyranny of the majority (over minorities). ... Since no one is perfect, the rulers and the ruled, there has to be methods for the government to control the people and to control itself. ... Majorities usually threaten the rights of minorities. ... One is to create a powerful government,"community will," that is stronger than, and independent of, the simple majority. ...

• Word Count: 695
• Approx Pages: 3

Daviault) Therefore based on expert witness that testified, the majority judges decided to acquittal Daviault of the sexual assault charges, because he was heavily intoxicated similar automatism. ... The Trial Court and Ontario Court of Appeal agreed and the court ruled that section 29 of FLA violated section 15(1) of the charter and it can't be justified by section 1 of the Charter. ... Same-sex couples are minorities so usually laws are not going to be in their favor because it goes against what the majority believes in. The charter allows minorities to fight for their individual rights...

• Word Count: 1534
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography

In the 1883 Civil Rights Cases, the Court ruled that the Thirteenth Amendment abolished slavery but did not prohibit discrimination and the Fourteenth Amendment prohibited discrimination by the government but not by individuals. ... Once again, in a landmark decision, the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the property owner and against the African American petitioner. ... For many years the majority on the Court used the standard of "separate but equal" to justify racial segregation. In conclusion, Africans Americans were given many civil liberties but the government and the white people did ...

• Word Count: 630
• Approx Pages: 3

Ever since 1914, the Supreme Court has used the exclusionary rule to weigh evidence in criminal cases. (Gordon, 96) This is the rule that disallows any illegally seized evidence to be introduced against someone in court. Unfortunately, this rule only applied to the Federal government in earlier times. ... Leon, the Supreme Court established the good-faith exception to the rule. ... These exceptions to the rule are not meant to take away the right of the citizen, but are just a more conservative spin on the rule incorporated into the 4th Amendment. ...

• Word Count: 1915
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography

The ongoing debate between the systems of parliamentary supremacy and judicial supremacy holds that judicial review is against the principle of majority rule because the courts are unrepresentative of the people. ... It is the aim of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms to protect the rights of all Canadians equally, majority or minority. Since the courts are not elected by the people, as politicians are, they are minimally coerced or swayed by majority opinion. ... With the power of the notwithstanding clause, legislatures can, against the principles of the Charter of Rights, arbitrarily den...

• Word Count: 3226
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

The case made it to the Supreme Court, who ruled that the Fifth Amendment only applied to the federal government, and not the states. ... It is rather interesting that the court ruled this way after the Fourteenth Amendment for a couple of reasons. ... In the dissenting opinion Justice Field said that based on the majority's interpretation the Fourteenth Amendment was, "a vain and idle enactment, which accomplished nothing, and most unnecessarily excited Congress and the people on its passage. " (Kommers et al., 115) The ruling is also interesting because it set a precedent against the i...

• Word Count: 2594
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Writing in 1835 Alexis de Tocqueville described the American constitution as the "most perfect in the world" - he was deeply impressed by its ability to deliver a system of majoritarian democracy whilst avoiding the tyranny of the majority. ... Congress introduced a law in 1895 to raise an income tax, yet it was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court. ... The only way of ending the filibuster is to pass a motion of cloture, but this requires a three-fifths majority to do so. ... This demonstrates that when there is a clear-cut majority in favour of major reform it can succeed in the f...

• Word Count: 1663
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Kuhlmeier (1988), the Supreme Court ruled in favour of a school's principle, who censored two pages of a school regulated newspaper that addressed the issues of student pregnancy and divorce. ... That is why freedom of speech, though not absolute, is nevertheless protected against censorship or punishment, unless shown likely to produce a clear and present danger of a serious substantive evil that rises far above public inconvenience, annoyance, or unrest." 2 The pamphlets in Scenario 2 did indeed create discontent borne of a conflict of views and opinions that is in accordance with the S...

• Word Count: 733
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Twenty-two years ago abortion was ruled a woman's legal right by the Supreme Court. ... On the other hand it is contested and fought by our country's leaders with the majority from the Catholic Church officials to the Bible belt of our nation. ... A three-judge District Court ruled in favor of Roe's lawsuit and declared Texas abortion law void for being "vague " and "overboard"." ... The court ruled that the fetus was not a person with constitutional rights and that a right to privacy inherited in the 14 amendment due process guaranteed of personal liberty protected a woman&#x...

• Word Count: 2395
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Supreme Court, led by Chief Justice Earl Warren and a liberal majority, was in the process of greatly expanding judicial power through several landmark decisions. ... The majority opinion specifically outlined what police must do in order to ensure that suspected criminals are aware of their constitutional rights. ... Justice White stated that the "courts rule will return a killer, a rapist or other criminals to the streets" (9). ... This study also showed that upon being informed of their rights, the vast majority of suspects waived their constitutional rights and chose to conti...

• Word Count: 1067
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography

In the majority party (the party which controls Congress), the person who has served the longest has the most power. ... There is a "non-political myth" that the only thing that Judges do is apply rules neutrally. ... The key features of a bureaucracy are that they are large, specialized, run by official and fixed rules, relatively free from outside control, run on a hierarchy, and they must keep written records of everything they do. Bureaucracies focus on rules, but their members are unhappy when the rules are exposed to the public. ...

• Word Count: 1183
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The vast majority of cases reach the Supreme Court only as appeals from lower federal court decisions or from the highest state court. ... When the justices accept a case, they also decide either to ask for more information from the opposing lawyers or to rule quickly on the information that was provided. ...

• Word Count: 556
• Approx Pages: 2