Unfortunately, he was prevented from playing in the major leagues because of the ban on African American athletes. ... The best players from the top teams signed contracts to Major Leagues organizations and weakened the Negro teams. ... When they finally integrated the major leagues, many of the greats along with Troy were too old to make the transition. ... He was a 42 year old rookie in the Major Leagues (Giancaterino, 22). The black players who did make it to the Major Leagues faced many fences of their own. ...

• Word Count: 1386
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

One of his accomplishments was entering the major leagues and is one of the most remarkable and inspiring accomplishments in sports history. When Robinson became the first black to play in Major League Baseball, he changed Americans' views on racism forever. ... On April 15, 1947, Robinson became the first black player to play Major League Baseball (104). ... After 10-years in the major leagues he retired from the game in 1957 (James 215). ... Being the first black American to enter the major leagues, he gave strength to other black athletes to pursue their dreams....

• Word Count: 1421
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

In the book, "Conspiracy of Silence: Sportswriters and long campaigns to Desegregate Baseball" written by Chris Lamb, he pointed out the problems that the club owners had with African Americans playing for their teams, for example, he mentioned that African Americans had already participated in major league games, but with segregation coming into play many whites would refuse to spend money to see black players in major league games. African American newspaper writers started to campaign to counteract the "conspiracy of silence" that wouldn't permit skilled African Ame...

• Word Count: 1398
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Baseball had the Major League and the Negro League. ... Basketball also had separate leagues for blacks and whites. ... The Montreal Royals was not a part of the Negro Leagues. ... Another professional color barrier was broken the same year that Jackie Robinson entered Major League Baseball. ... The last of the four major professional sports in America to welcome an African American player was the National Hockey Association. ...

• Word Count: 1632
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

Rose, Troy's wife of eighteen years answers, "Troy, why don't you admit you was too old to play in the major leagues?- which addresses a reason other than race for Troy's failure to be a Major League player (1.3.836-837). ... The predicaments hindering Troy's ability to access the major leagues are race and race. Sandra Shannon writes, "On a deeper level, Troy sees the fence's completion as a reminder of his own mortality; he senses that he is erecting his own monument. [ ] He is fenced off from society during a long prison term; He is fences out of the major leagues...

• Word Count: 1440
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

If they were to face major problems with reconstruction he had faith that congress would make changes as needed. ... Another incident described in the article tells about how black government leaders were effectively chased out of a town by a group of the white league. ... As a result, Men, members of the White League, on horseback rode into the town screaming threats at the black Republicans, Ray and John Gair. ...

• Word Count: 2362
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

Magazines as The Crisis, a monthly journal of the NAACP, and Opportunity, an official publication of the Urban League, employed Harlem Renaissance writers on their editorial staff; published poetry and short stories by black writers; and promoted African American literature through articles, reviews, and annual literary prizes. ... In fact, a major accomplishment of the Renaissance was to push open the door to mainstream white periodicals and publishing houses, although the relationship between the Renaissance writers and white publishers and audiences created some controversy. ... Organizat...

• Word Count: 1518
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The Emancipation Proclamation was one major event in history that forever changed our country. ... However, both the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and the National Urban League (NUL) were founded by blacks and whites during this time. Both of these major civil rights organizations make efforts on the part of blacks and their white allies to insure that the United States provides "freedom and justice to all". ...

• Word Count: 1450
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

If he can overcome the major struggles of race, getting an ivy league education, being admitted to Phi Beta Kappa and playing pro sports (just to name a few) and do it with such pride and dignity and never loosing his "cool" then that just gives me that much more confidence that I myself can overcome whatever challenges life throws my way. ...

• Word Count: 1652
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Harlem was soon labeled the "Negro capital of the world" by James Weldon Johnson, a prominent writer and civil rights leader of the times, and thus soon became the headquarters of such powerful groups as the NAACP, the National Urban League, and Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association. ... This idea grew stronger following World War I since its major claim was democracy for all. ...

• Word Count: 2437
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School