For example, among psychologists "psychologists' definitions are often abstract, highly conceptualized, academic, and technical" (Rucker, 2006). ... In contrast, concrete language "identifies things perceived through the senses (touch, smell, sight, hearing, and taste), such as soft, stench, red, loud, or bitter" ("Literary Terms", n.d.). ... For example, "education" is an abstract concept - there are no words in the concrete language that can substitute the word "education". ... Nida (1992) calls technical language "a kind of cognitive shorthand, in which semantically specialized terms c...

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• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

It refers to cases in which the attributed status of a language or variety is changed, for example, the designation of a language as the Official or National language, Language of Wider Communication. It also encompasses reaching decisions regarding particular societal functions that languages might have, for example decisions about what language should be used in school, in the courts, in hospitals, in the armed forces, in police and fire services, on traffic signs, in the official work of the legislative and executive branches, etc. ... For instance, the use of "Ms" as against &q...

• Word Count: 4705
• Approx Pages: 19
• Grade Level: Undergraduate