During the war between Charlemagne and the Moslem Moors in Spain in the late eighth century, Charlemagne only lost one battle. ... Roland should have summoned for Charlemagne's help earlier, but out of fear of him shaming the French army and being looked at as a coward; Roland hesitated. ... The kings were over the earthly aspects of life, while the Pope was over the spiritual side. ... Well, all of this is true, but the middle ages was a time where all three sides interacted and gave us a whole new central way of life (Cantor 230). ...

• Word Count: 1508
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: High School

" (Crompton 9) Prior to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church affected almost every aspect of daily life and was once the highest power in all of Europe. ... " (Tracy 123) Even the Holy Roman Emperor could only be crowned properly by the pope, a custom set by Charlemagne in 800 C.E. ... Thus, all religious rites had to be carried out by priests, and the fact that Catholicism had a complex set of rituals and sacraments meant that almost every part of a Catholic's life, from birth (baptism) to death (last rites) was connected to a local priest. ... The Church used to be ...

• Word Count: 1465
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate