Learning-disabled children are especially vulnerable in this respect. ... Motivation is imperative in a classroom to enhance the students' learning experience. ... A student may be learning through intrinsic or extrinsic motivation, or both. ... Some educators with high expectations forget to commend their students along the way as they gradually achieve the desired goal. ... Educators must be cautious when using extrinsic incentives in learning situations in order to not decrease students" appreciation of the knowledge given. ...

• Word Count: 3532
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Applying the Learning Organisational objectives are not achieved by people simply turning up to work. Managers must challenge, inspire and maintain employee behaviour to achieve goals. ... Process theories include: reinforcement, expectancy, equity and goal setting. Reinforcement and goal setting have been supported by research studies and are therefore seen as the most helpful in application. ... This managerial approach to motivating employees focuses on the behaviours of managers - in particular, their use of goals and rewards. ...

• Word Count: 3262
• Approx Pages: 13

Expectancy-Valence Theory of Motivations This theory, developed by Vroom (1964), and extended by authors such as Fishbein (1967), Neider (1980), Porter and Lawler (1968), Campbell and Pritchard (1975) or Pritchard, DeLeo and Von Bergen (1976), is based on the idea that people are goal oriented and that they act on the basis of beliefs and values. ... Expectancy is the belief that one's effort will result in attainment of desired performance goals. The variables affecting individuals Ÿ expectancy probability are self-efficacy, i.e., a person's belief about his or her ability to perf...

• Word Count: 7651
• Approx Pages: 31
• Has Bibliography

Besley and Ghatak (2005) investigate the implications of dealing with what they call "motivated agents", employees who are intrinsically motivated and who in turn self-select into organizations with similar goals. ... Indeed, firms want their employees to be as productive as possible while employees often try to exert lower levels of effort or pursue goals different from the organization´s. ...

• Word Count: 5299
• Approx Pages: 21
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate