Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, that laws separating the races in school are unconstitutional. ... Aaron, 1958 v/s The court repeated that no law or policy of state or local governments could directly or indirectly have the effect of promoting racial segregation. ... School District No. 1, Denver, Colorado, 1973 v/s In the first decision in a case in which school segregation had not been imposed by law, the court held that school board policies had helped establish segregated schools and that the school board thus bore the responsibility of desegregation. ... Racial isolation, ...

• Word Count: 6633
• Approx Pages: 27

Norma was schooled and in training to become a teacher. William dropped out of school after elementary school, but could read and write very well. ... Separate, but, supposable, equal, was the law of the land. ... He was suspended from school more times he could count. ... He then focused on Law. ...

• Word Count: 4823
• Approx Pages: 19
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

During the 1950's, racial separation in public schools, especially southern schools, was not looked at as a problem for many people. ... Although all the schools in a "separate but equal" community were supposed to be the same, most schools that only allowed African Americans were far inferior to their white counterparts. When Oliver Brown attempted to enroll his daughter into a white elementary school because the distance to a colored school was too far, she was denied acceptance. ... Milam, his brother-in-law, took Emmett at gunpoint. ... This followed the laws that were enforced to seg...

• Word Count: 3309
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream"" speech in comparison with George Wallace's inaugural address highlights the issue of segregation and seems to imply the philosophical views of the two men with regard to positive verses natural law, a subject's duty to obey the law, how law should or should not be used to promote the common good, the harm to others principle, and the roles paternalism, autonomy, and morality should play in determining the aims of law. ... King implies that until the morally unjust laws cease to be thrust upon generations of Negros they cannot be satisfied...

• Word Count: 2706
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It is a testament to the greatness of Martin Luther King Jr. that nearly every major city in the U.S. has a street or school named after him. ... In fact, some laws, called segregation laws, often limited their freedom and discriminated against them. Such laws stated that blacks could not go to the same school with whites, that they had to use separate "colored only- rest rooms and drinking fountains, enter public places such as movie theatres and waiting rooms through separate entrances form whites, and ride in a special section in the back of buses and trains. These laws grew out of a racist...

• Word Count: 3558
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Although laws pertaining to civil rights were enacted that ended segregation, hatred and racism still continued; and it appears to be even stronger now than it ever has been. ... In a larger school the problems are understandably magnified. At Rutgers University in February, the school was racked with controversy. ... The all black schools even resemble the schools of old. ... In 1994, a principal from an Alabama high school opposed interracial couples' attending his school's prom. ...

• Word Count: 2609
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: High School

Gaining momentum, Congress also passed the Fourteenth Amendment, making everyone born in the United States (or brought up in the United States) to be a citizen, and declaring "no state could abridge their rights without due process of law or deny them equal protection under the law (Boyer, et al. 505)." ... Thus the federal government could enforce the new laws. ... First, racism and white supremacy, for the most part, dominated Southern law. ... - Published literature against certain Jim Crow laws was illegal and punishable by six months imprisonment (83)... Ironically, the last t...

• Word Count: 3013
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Schools, restaurants, social events and even water fountains were segregated - whites and blacks shared very little. ... This case eventually made its way to the Supreme Court which ruled in Meredith's favor stating that he had the right to be admitted to the state school. ... The governor of Mississippi strongly opposed him attending this school and even went as far as to have the state legislature pass a law prohibiting any person who was convicted of a state crime from admission to a state school. ... Despite harassment during his two semesters on campus, Meredith graduated in Augus...

• Word Count: 3205
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

In many schools across the nation, the Emancipation Proclamation is praised as one of the greatest documents to ever happen to the black man. ... Southern governors and law enforcement officials argued that these tactics were criminal and that the Civil Rights movement was a breakdown of law and order. ... Conservatives could now hide behind these activists and say that race had nothing to do with their "law and order" agenda. ... The Justice Department shifted its attention to street crime, especially drug-law enforcement. ... According William Julius Wilson, in his book When Work D...

• Word Count: 4144
• Approx Pages: 17
• Has Bibliography

The old Jim Crow laws governed all aspects of their existence, from the schoolroom to the rest room. ... The civil rights movement during the late 1800's and early 1900's provided the foundations for the current civil rights laws achieved throughout the 1960's. ... Washington put his newly acquired freedom to use when he started a black industrial school at Tuskegee, Alabama. ... In the South, the Jim Crow laws emerged, segregating blacks in public places, including hotels and res...

• Word Count: 8719
• Approx Pages: 35
• Grade Level: High School

Berkman, Ronald Opening the Gates: The Rise of the Prisoners" Movement. Lexington Books: Lexington, Mass, 1979. Bowker, Lee H. Prisoner Subcultures. Lexington Books: Lexington Mass, 1977. Davis, Angela, et al. If They Come in the Morning Voices of Resistance. The Third Press: New Yor...

• Word Count: 3043
• Approx Pages: 12

Washington High School". ... In September 1951 King entered the University's School of Theology in Boston, Massachusetts. ... As a result of the racial segregation laws black Americans were permanently abased in busses. ... As a consequence she was arrested for violating the city's segregation law. ... The marchers demanded equal justice for all citizens under the law. ...

• Word Count: 4457
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Although numerous articles and books have been published devising means by which to reduce variance within the system, the most recent, and probably most contentious, is that of Paul Butler, Associate Professor of Law, George Washington University Law School, and former Special Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Columbia. Butler's thesis, published in an article in the Yale Law Journal, is that "for pragmatic and political reasons, the black community is better off when some nonviolent lawbreakers remain in the community rather than go to prison. ...

• Word Count: 3584
• Approx Pages: 14
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The Black Codes and the Jim Crow laws were set up to limit the movement and rights of the Blacks. ... The Separate but equal" decision of 1896 confirmed the segregation in the South and soon everything was being segregated, the churches, schools, restaurants, even the toilets. ... The law, jobs, political affairs and the mass media were still controlled by the white man. ... The family sent Coretta and to school to get a good education. ... Nine pupils had to be escorted by federal troops as they tried to enter Central High School in Little Rock. ...

• Word Count: 3965
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: High School

It also barred any state from taking a persons life, liberty, and property without due process of law and from denying equal protection of laws. ... Schools all over the country then began to integrate their student body. ... Another women by the name of Claudette Colvin who was the age of 15 in high school was also handcuffed and taken to jail. ...

• Word Count: 2726
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Once people of color could claim equal protection under the law, they would predictably use their civil rights victory to help undermine the institution of slavery" (Jones, p. 25) Howard's prediction is correct. ... Black males are pulled over often, along with Mexicans and minorities alike, by law enforcement for simply being a person of color. ... Some law officials tend to fear the African American race because they are ignorant when it comes to the logistics of crimes. ... My thinking was also reinforced by the education I received in school because the institution never fully ed...

• Word Count: 2862
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As a result of his revolution and fight for equal right treatment, the Civil Rights Act was passed in 1964[CITATION Placeholder1 l 1033 ].Even though this was a step towards attaining racial equality in the United States, the law still failed to solve inequality problems and treat all Americans the same. ... The increased immigration levels in the United States include the amendments in the immigration law and the patterns of international migration. ... The school to prison pipeline is an epidemic that is plaguing schools across the nation. ... The changes also raised education level and inc...

• Word Count: 2870
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since the onset of the "war on drugs" in the mid-1980s, Black Americans have been arrested, prosecuted, convicted and imprisoned for drug law offences at rates grossly out of proportion to their numbers among drug offenders. Although drug use and selling cut across all racial, socioeconomic and geographic lines, law enforcement strategies have targeted street-level drug dealers and users from low-income, predominantly minority urban areas. ...

• Word Count: 3114
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This country owes them for what they have done and it is sad that we do not learn about Black history, not even in our high school Canadian history courses do we lean about black people in Canada. ... This happened because Colonel John Graves Simcoe was Upper Canada's first lieutenant governor and he wanted to pass a law to ban slavery. On August 28th 1833 Britain passed a law freeing and ending slavery in all of its thirteen colonies freeing over 300 slaves. This law came into effect August 1st 1834. ...

• Word Count: 2905
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: High School

This settlement house became a school to both adults and children so they could have the education to get ahead in society. ... Addams made a huge change by examining child labor and eventually executing a law that would prohibit child labor. ...

• Word Count: 2825
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Women needed to be covered under the Equal Rights Amendment in order to receive "equal justice under law." ... It's not wrong to question these man made rules and laws that have found its way not only in society but in the bible. ... Dinah was having sex just like most of the girls in her school who where considered young ladies but Dinah gets labeled a slut because her circumstances are different then theirs.  ...

• Word Count: 2997
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

Even young black children in low-income neighborhoods are frequently sent to low-quality schools (Baskerville 1). ... If Little Billy goes to a private Catholic school in a white neighborhood his entire life that costs $20,000 a year, the chances of him spending any time with a lower-class minority are slim to none. ... They built their own schools and churches, formed their own police and fire departments, and even made up their own government structure (Wright 49, 53, 70, 93). ...

• Word Count: 2726
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: High School

In fact, Professor John Burgess, the founder of Columbia University graduate school of Political Science and an important figure in American scholarship defined the African race as "a race of men which has never created any civilization of any kind..." ... It is not uncommon, during these weeks in February, for African students in the U.S. to receive a number of invitations to speak at gatherings, schools and in community churches. ... Civil rights laws and celebrations such as Black History Month have exposed the legal consequences of overt discriminatory practices and racial harassment. ...

• Word Count: 3305
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: High School

Destined to fill the void of support for a race of people, who having been kicked in the teeth for so many years, were finally willing to rid their lives of oppression and to stand up and be counted, not just in the eyes of the law, but in the hearts of the people. ... In terms of his education his schooling consisted of the Atlanta Public school system followed by the Atlanta University Laboratory High School, and the Booker T. Washington High School His mother and father were very important figures in his life. ... There was much discussion about the segregated south and how schools, theatr...

• Word Count: 3793
• Approx Pages: 15
• Grade Level: High School

During the last half of the nineteenth-century the government formed strict laws to thwart the strong beliefs of polygamy until church leaders denounced the practice. ... Government officials, mainly the Republican Party, began to pass strict laws concerning anyone practicing plural marriage. ... Republican Government officials continued to disapprove of the polygamous Saints; laws were passed that took away the right to vote to any known person practicing polygamy. ...

• Word Count: 3075
• Approx Pages: 12
• Grade Level: Undergraduate