Instead, the focus of his paper would be the theories of first and second language acquisition. ... Theories of First Language Acquisition Countless theories have been proposed and criticized through the centuries to speculate the mystery of language acquisition. ... Among others, these are three popular theories of first language acquisition. ... Hypothesis-Testing After the two previous theories fail to prove the process of language acquisition. ... Krashen) Another "innate" theory that explains second language acquisition is Krashen's model of second language acquisition. ...

• Word Count: 2467
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

(Gass, 2013) The aim of this study is to explain the second language acquisition, the theories of the second language learning briefly. ... According to Chomsky's theory, human brain is ready to acquire language at specific stages in the developmental process. ... (Krashen, 1982. pp. 10) When we look at the history pages of second language learning studies, in 1950-60s, there are some studies who give descriptions and theories about how second language learned. In the theory of behaviorism, for example, ' 'language learning is seen like any other kind of learning, as the form...

• Word Count: 2006
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

According to him and his theory of linguistic relativity, language shapes the way we think and determines what we think about. ... Thus, Benjamin Lee Whorf's theory is very interesting, it demonstrates that members of different cultural groups not only speak different languages, they also think differently. Speaking about language and culture, one can say that through language people verbalize culture. ... English and Japanese are two languages which demonstrate that language and culture are closely related. ... Japanese language is a vivid example of how language and culture are interrel...

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The studies differed in certain ways; one discovered a relation between the ability to learn patterns and the ability to learn a second language, while the other one found that having and informal approach to the language (games) enhances learning a second language, regardless the person. ... One states that picking up a second language is predicted by the ability to learn patterns while the other states that language instruction is improved with fun games played by students. ... The subject has been discussed very much but there are various theories that are accepted as correct by many membe...

• Word Count: 1139
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

However, it seems that English is more like a foreign language than a second language in Hong Kong, unlike other British colonies. ... Language is learnt through the process of intake. ... The four L2 learning theories are very likely to be able to improve the current situation in Hong Kong. Instead of sticking to a single theory, I prefer the integration of the four. ... Similarly, the Discourse Theory emphasizes oral practice rather than grammar rules. ...

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Language is created by people. ... Language is thought to have originated when early hominines started gradually changing their primate communication systems, acquiring the ability to form a theory of other minds and a shared intentionality. ... Functional theories of grammar explain grammatical structures by their communicative functions, and understand the grammatical structures of language to be the result of an adaptive process by which grammar was "tailored" to serve the communicative needs of its users. ... Functionalist theories tend to study grammar as dynamic phenomena, as struc...

• Word Count: 1651
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Second language acquisition and learning refers to any language gain in addition to the native tongue. Acquisition is a natural and intuitive process while learning is a deliberate tactic to grasp a language (Second Language Acquisition, n.d). ... Language structures are present in the human mind, in the form of language design and configuration and react to correct errors. ... There is a further conviction that a second language should be easier to gain during puberty or teenage years to fruitfully master the language with professionalism. Quite a number of researchers (Lenneberg, 1967; Pe...

• Word Count: 783
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

There are a range of theories about language which make statement (or series of statements) about language – what it is, where it is 'located', what is its role in social life, etc.? These statements or theories have relevance in several other fields of enquiry. Thus, a theory that there is an innate capacity of human language which is located in the brain (cf. Chomsky) or a theory that truth is constructed and reproduced in the discourse of the powerful (cf. ... Language Policy and Planning has also been impacted by such theories about language. ...

• Word Count: 4705
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This means behaviorists focus on the behaviors that can be seen, such as body language. ... " This stage occurs from two to seven years of age and is when a child uses language to learn and explore. ... Both cognitive theories are structured. ... Every student's learning style will fall under a different theory or even between two theories. ... Finally, the constructivism theory is best for students who do not fit into any of the other categories because this theory combines aspects of other theories. ...

• Word Count: 855
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Theory of Cognitive Development was a theory developed by psychologist Jean Piaget. ... Don Holdaway designed theory of Literacy Development in 1979. ... This theory is intriguing because of its basic scheme. ... "Vygotsky argued that children's learning is most affected by their mastery of language, as evidenced by their mastery of sign systems such as the alphabet, words, listening, speaking, and writing.... Before he developed this theory, many educators and researchers were using Behaviorist theory. ...

• Word Count: 1198
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The modern sense of "literary theory" dates only to approximately the 1950s, when the structuralist linguists Ferdinand de Saussure began strongly to influence English language criticism. ... In 1925 Boris Toma Shevski formulated the fullest formalist answer to the question of how to distinguish the language of fiction from ordinary language. ... He focused on the question of how language actually works in order to formulate general insights that would be valid for all language use and for all languages. ... The reason is that we know through language and language doesn't refl...

• Word Count: 3373
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• Grade Level: High School

I would like to state that the language issue extends not just English but other languages as well. ... Has "Filipino- been a unifying language? ... Tagalog is not even a majority language. ... Aside from these 8 principal native languages, there are 45 more native languages and 142 dialects. ... If you think about it, this was a great achievement in the education system since fifty years ago, the national language existed only in theory. ...

• Word Count: 2535
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

From this starting point, I found many thought-provoking articles that built upon and highlighted the inclusive and progressive MI theory in practice in Language Arts classrooms. ... Smagorinsky gives an account of his own collaborative research in the school system and the accounts of individual students and their experiences of being in a classroom that integrates a MI theory approach into learning Language Arts. ... She takes a look at her own practices as a teacher and discusses how she decided to transform her Language Arts classroom into one that would incorporate a MI theory approac...

• Word Count: 1304
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• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Graduate

Evidence for Lateralization of Language and Language Functions Observations indicating that patients with left brain damage invariably have more difficulty in language processing functions than those with right brain damage supported the evidence that language is a left hemispherical dominated function (Aitchison,2008). The Wada test further provides evidence for the lateralization of language. ... Therefore, the Broca's area appears to control both the expression of language  and  understanding of syntax in speech, written as well as signed language production (Aitchison,2008). ......

• Word Count: 1028
• Approx Pages: 4
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

We tend to look through language and not realized how much power language has. ... Its called - " Genderlect theory of Deborah Tannen" . ... The goal of genderlect theory is to acknowledge and appreciate the language of the opposite sex and achieve mutual respect and understanding. "Our use of language embodies attitudes as well as referential meanings. ... Last but not least, social norms always been a key factor to the language and gender difference. ...

• Word Count: 853
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He explained that the pursuit of an ideal universal is not cohesive and offers a nominalist view to nullify the Universalism and for his theory of language. Universalism has been very predominant theory of ideal. ... Peter Abelard's theory of language made him stands out as a master of language. Abelard theory of language was to explore the propositional content destined to establish a distinction between sentences whether they are affirmative or conditional. ... Further, Peter Abelard developed his theory of language to find the difference between a complete sentence and an incomplete o...

• Word Count: 1000
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Proto- language is a hypothetical undocumented parent language from which actual languages are derived. ... Ramachandran and Hubbard once again use the words such as 'petite', 'teeny', and 'diminutive' to support their theory on the evolution of language;but this time it is with regards to synkinaesia. ... "Our theory really pertains to the origin of proto-language rather than Chomskyan universal grammar, but we believe that given the pre-adaptation provided by proto-language, Chomskyan UG could have evolved more readily'. In my opinion I think both ...

• Word Count: 1308
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

HOW LANGUAGES ARE LEARNED CHAPTER 1: LEARNING A FIRST LANGUAGE Infants are able to hear subtle differences between sounds of human language By end of one year they can understand a few frequently used words. ... Gives kids access to word jokes, trick questions, riddles Simultaneous bilinguals: learn and hear more than one language from birth on Sequential bilinguals: learn second language later Subtractive bilinguals: cut off from family language as they are emerged in the second language. ... Environment makes a basic contribution-availability of people who speak to the chil...

• Word Count: 2132
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: High School

The Theory of Multiple Intelligences Howard Gardner, truly a pioneer in educational development research, has questioned the idea that intelligence is a single quality and that it can be measured simply via IQ tests. ... His theory has laid the framework for an entirely new method of teaching; one specifically designed to stimulate each individual student's type of intelligence. ... Linguistic intelligence involves sensitivity to spoken and written language, the ability to learn languages, and the capacity to use language to accomplish certain goals. This intelligence includes the ab...

• Word Count: 992
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Students that are having a hard time understanding language need something that they can relate to. ... One of Piaget theories is students experiences help build connections to the content by allowing a link to instruction. This theory leads to Krashen's theory of the language a student encounters must include language structures that the learner already knows (i) plus new structures (i + 1) in a combination that allows the learner to understand the message within the language. Linking Science as well as ELD into one requires comprehensible input, formally learning " of academic language,...

• Word Count: 770
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Students that are having a hard time understanding language need something that they can relate to. ... One of Piaget theories is students experiences help build connections to the content by allowing a link to instruction. This theory leads to Krashen's theory of the language a student encounters must include language structures that the learner already knows (i) plus new structures (i + 1) in a combination that allows the learner to understand the message within the language. Linking Science as well as ELD into one requires comprehensible input, formally learning " of academic language,...

• Word Count: 770
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This assignment will focus on his main points of argument to support this theory. ... Bernstein's codes theory stated that, "between the school and community of the working-class child, there may exist a cultural discontinuity based upon two radically different systems of communication," (Bernstein, 1974, p.144) It was said there are two different language codes in operation within the setting of schooling. ... He incorporates arguments from academics that challenge Bernstein's ideas and labels his theory a, "linguistic deficit," (Jones 2013, p.161) and then those that agree with the...

• Word Count: 1559
• Approx Pages: 6
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Theories for Daycare Before we put our three-year-old child Billy, into a day care we want to ensure that they have certain programs that will allow him to grow and prosper. ... Accordingly, Erikson's theory states the need for imagination and language between the ages of 3-5. ... Language is also developed in this stage. Programs with large amounts of reading and the teaching of how to read, develops language skills for the child. ... As we decide what day care we want for little Billy, we hope that daycares offe...

• Word Count: 527
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• Grade Level: High School

There four theories that many scholars use in order to determine why a country is underdeveloped, such as modernization theory, dependency, Marxism theory, and imperialism theory. ... There are many theories discussed by scholars in determining why a country is consideration is underdeveloped. ... Another theory discussed was dependency theory, which is believed that the growth of rich countries has created the third world, and that international capitalism creates this block so that third world countries cant move forward (43). ... They official language is Spanish, even though there are diff...

• Word Count: 1415
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• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This article describes the history, theories and research of bilingual education practice and describes the most common program types currently utilized in K-12 public education. ... Some bilingual programs are designed to develop full bilingualism, or the ability to use two languages proficiently; others use the native language to facilitate the acquisition of English. ... Keywords Bilingualism; Developmental Bilingual Education; Dual Language Immersion; English Language Learners; English Only; Linguistically Different Learners; Transitional Bilingual Education; Heritage Language; Sheltered C...

• Word Count: 1190
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: Undergraduate