Then the mixture was poured into a 125mL separatory funnel and the bottom aqueous layer was drained. ... The n-butyl bromide was transferred back into the separatory funnel and 14mL of saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate was added to the solution. ... It also served to protonate the hydroxyl group of n-Butyl alcohol to displace more water than the hydroxide ion. ... Polar protic solvents are good at solvating anions, and the more electronegative an ion becomes, the tighter it is held in a solvent shell of which the nucleophile must be partially removed for SN2 reactions. ... Similarly, sodiu...

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• Has Bibliography

As a result some of the precipitate returns back to separate Silver and Chloride ions. ... If we consider worst case scenario where the maximum amount of chloride ions dissolve and remain in the solution the following concept helps to calculate the solubility of the Chloride ions: For this reaction, each mole of AgCl that dissolves produces 1 mole of both Ag+  ions and Cl- ions. The solubility would then equal the concentration of either the Ag+ or Cl- ions. ... None the less if this photochemical decomposition happens in the presence of excess Silver ions in an aqueous solution the following...

• Word Count: 2064
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

It also occurs in other fruits in vegetables and in animal tissues and fluids either as the free acid or as citrate ion. ... Crystallization of citric acid from a hot aqueous solution yields anhydrous citric acid; crystallization from a cold solution yields the monohydrate. ... The metal is solubilized as the complex ion and following extraction, the pure metal is recovered by reduction with zinc dust. In silver-plating, a smooth adherent deposit is obtained on a metal cathode when electrolysis is carried in presence of an excess of cyanide ion. ...

• Word Count: 1581
• Approx Pages: 6
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Due to its water solubility epinephrine binds to membrane bound receptors where this binding then activates the opening of ion channels. ... Another example of epinephrine being used with the G-protein mechanism is the opening of ion channels, more specifically calcium channels which allows smooth muscles to contract. ... [Soc131] Cortisol is a lipid soluble hormone which means that it is small in size and has a low solubility in aqueous fluids. ...

• Word Count: 2112
• Approx Pages: 8
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate