For individuals to understand how affirmative action is either beneficial or detrimental to society, they must be aware of how it is defined. ... Even as many individuals maintain that affirmative action is traceable back to the Civil War, the civil rights movement pushed affirmative action into the American media and governmental issues beginning in the 1950's. ... This practice of "turning the other cheek" was put to the test during the civil rights movement of the 1950's and 60's. ... (Hanmer 17) Then, in 1964 and 65", President Johnson signed the Civil Rights Act of 1964...

• Word Count: 3796
• Approx Pages: 15
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Civil rights laws have historically been a powerful mechanism for effecting social change in the United States. ... It grew out of the civil rights and feminist movements in the late 50's, 60's, and early 70's. As the women's civil rights movement gained momentum in the late 1960s and early 1970s, Americans began to focus attention on inequities that inhibited the progress of women and girls in education. ... However, in 1988, Congress passed the Civil Rights Restoration Act which restored the liability for sanctions to an entire school system or college if it receives fed...

• Word Count: 3417
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

Does seniority play a role in affirmative action? ... According to Cheryl Perry-League, Director of Equal Opportunity of the Port of Oakland, every business operating on Port of Oakland owned land must have a standing affirmative action program on record and businesses bidding to do work for the Port of Oakland must have an acceptably diverse workforce. ... Many affirmative action programs were born from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ... A Company cannot by law, use quotas unless it has been ordered to do so by a court to remedy a past action" (Hall & Albrecht, 1979, p.47-78). ......

• Word Count: 2762
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Does seniority play a role in affirmative action? ... According to Cheryl Perry-League, Director of Equal Opportunity of the Port of Oakland, every business operating on Port of Oakland owned land must have a standing affirmative action program on record and businesses bidding to do work for the Port of Oakland must have an acceptably diverse workforce. ... Many affirmative action programs were born from Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964. ... A Company cannot by law, use quotas unless it has been ordered to do so by a court to remedy a past action (Hall & Albrecht, 1979, p.47-78). ... ...

• Word Count: 2762
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate