Some of these processes include real fluid behavior, expansion wave propagation, heat transfer, multi-phase pipe/wall friction, and the swiftly declining dynamic loading effects as the tip of the crack opens. ... And the heat transfer between the trapped fluid and pipe wall is over simplified. ... In this study, a more complex heat transfer model will be developed. And the natural and forced convection of the released fluid will be applied to pipe wall heat transfer condition. ... In the model, heat transfer coefficients are effectively estimated from extant literature. ...

• Word Count: 1647
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate