Werner Heisenberg seemed to prove Bohr's picture of particles leaping from fixed orbit with a series of complex equation. ... The specific community agreed the smallest elementary particle is the quark. ... Nothing means a vacuum, the empty space that intervenes between particles of matter. Second, the quantum vacuum is never really empty, but instead rails with "virtual" particles. Virtual particles may be thought of as representing the possibility, delineated by the Heisenberg indeterminacy principle, the a "real" particle will arrive at a given time and place. ...

• Word Count: 1154
• Approx Pages: 5

In 1974, Hawking proposed that, in accordance with the predications of quantum theory, black holes emit subatomic particles until they exhaust all their energy and finally explode. ... He has been one of the first to try and explain the creation of the universe, the existence of God, and time travel. ... Hawking does believe in the existence of some form of a God or higher being). ...

• Word Count: 1163
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School