The Physiocrats exerted a profound influence on Adam Smith, who had spent time in France in the 1760s and whose classic "The Wealth of Nations" embodied the Physiocratic attack on mercantilism and argued that nations get rich by practicing free trade. ... Embracing the principle of free trade not just as a temporary expedient, but as a philosophy, Turgot got the king to sign an edict in January 1776 that abolished the monopolies and special privileges of the guilds, corporations, and trading companies. ... Had Turgot been allowed to pursue his policies of free trade and less government interve...

• Word Count: 2777
• Approx Pages: 11
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Locke concluded that humans were by nature free, equal, and independent. ... He wrote several papers relating to money, interest, and trade. ... Fifth, Spinoza was schooled in theology, but evolved to free philosophical speculation. ... "That in a free state every man may think what he likes, and say what he thinks". 8 This was his plea for religious liberty with no restraints to man. ...

• Word Count: 3568
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

James Otis The Revolutionary War brought out dynamic personalities of men, which have made freedom a reality for us. One such man was James Otis who had a sincere concern for liberty and who believed in man's singular sovereignty, while publicly guarding against the practice of absolutism in go...

• Word Count: 2505
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation: • For protecting them by a mock Trial from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States: • For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world: • For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent: • For depriving us in many cases of the benefits of Trial by Jury: • For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offences: •...

• Word Count: 4402
• Approx Pages: 18
• Has Bibliography

Libertarianism is the political philosophy rooted in the belief that people should be allowed to live their lives as they see fit, free from government coercion and regulation--so long as they do not infringe upon the rights of others. ... Furthermore, any interference in free commerce and laissez-faire economics by government would prove to be harmful. ...

• Word Count: 7038
• Approx Pages: 28
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

She maintained that women were born free and equal to men, and so being each one the "natural and inalienable" rights of liberty, property, security, must be granted to everyone, without discrimination of sex. ... The market women demanded protection of their professional rights through the reestablishment of medieval trade guilds, complained about their work conditions, filthy hospitals, and the social injustice of making a living through hard daily work, while others earned money through taxes and lived lazy, extravagant lives. ...

• Word Count: 3295
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate