The Austrian ambassador to Serbia immediately left Belgrade and France, promising to support Russia if they went to war. ... On August 1, 1914, Germany declared war on Russia and France, ordering a general mobilization of the German mobility. 2. ... The countries involved in the war weren't ready to stop fighting; neither side was ready, willing or able to end the battle. ... What were soviets, and what roles did they play in the March and October Revolutions? ... How did Lenin manipulate the Petrograd Soviet to begin the October Revolution? ...

• Word Count: 543
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

Italy and Germany had been unified not many decades earlier, Britain was enjoying the beneficial effects of an Industrial Revolution, and France was angry and thirsty for revenge over the loss of Alsace-Lorraine. ... The Moroccan crisis between France and Germany proved to be one "testing ground" for French allies Britain and Russia. ... The African crises had already bred hostilities between all of these nations, and Britain was allied with France as a result of this as well. As Germany violated the Belgian neutrality by invading to facilitate an attack on France, Britain then declared war...

• Word Count: 621
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The word terrorism was first used in France to describe a new system of government adopted during the French Revolution (1789-1799). The regime de la terreur (Reign of Terror) was intended to promote democracy and popular rule by ridding the revolution of its enemies and thereby purifying it. ... Just before the end, the remaining Zealots, except for two women and five children, committed mass suicide. ... Until the French Revolution (1789-1799), religion provided the main justification for the use of terrorism. ...

• Word Count: 419
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The balance of power of European states changed from 1848 to 1914 because of revolutions and certain unifications. ... Also certain the Crimean War, which caused the end of conservatism and alliances with European nations. ... Bismarck was eventually pressed by France as he knew that a patriotic war with France would drive the southern states into German owned land. But France declared war on Prussia to teach Germany a lesson. ... France took parts of West and Central Africa. ...

• Word Count: 1851
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Bismarck was a master of foreign affairs, the Bismarckian was primarily designed, to keep France, who he saw as Germany's fatal opponent, isolated. ... Bismarck negotiated the exceptional Austria-Hungary alliance of 1879 which was "the first formal alliance between two Great Powers concluded in peace-time since the outbreak of the French revolution and the end of the ancien régime set a rigid pattern which shaped international relations until the First World War." (2) Bismarck then negotiated the Three Emperor's Alliance (Austria, Germany, and Russia) in 1881. ... Bismarck co...

• Word Count: 765
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

As Erica Benner (2013) mentions in Nationalism: Intellectual Origins, a German reaction to the revolutions in America and France, which "claimed to found new national forms of legitimacy on universal, republican principles" (Benner 2013, p. 45), which was when the confederation of German states in 1800, or the Holy Roman Empire, were collapsing due to the pressure of the revolutionary wars. ... Fichte did support the French revolution initially, by even promoting the belief of using force to intervene in other countries and expand an ideology, and it illustrates the significant ideas of the ra...

• Word Count: 2483
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The restored large central rose window (circular stained-glass window) became standard in French-Gothic architecture. ... Proclaiming the majesty and power of Christ, these sculptures was destroyed from the western fazade during the French Revolution. During the reign of Napoleon III, the French Gothic structures were threatened with extermination by Imperial order. ... Rising above the town, has interior height of one-hundred twenty-one feet, and six inches, two towers at the west end, and a spire over the south tower, completed in 1160 is on of the earliest true spires in Europe. ... Goth...

• Word Count: 1753
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

The Failure of the Weimar Republic The German Weimar Republic was born amidst the defeat of the imperial army, the revolution of 1918 against the Hohenzollerns, and the hopes of German Liberals and Social Democrats. ... The failure of the Weimar Republic can be blamed on Constitutional Flaws, Lack of Broad Popular Support, and the French Invasion of the Ruhr. ... No social revolution had accompanied the new political structure. ... The French invasion of the Ruhr in early 1923 and the German response of economic passive resistance produced cataclysmic inflation. ... By the end of 1923,...

• Word Count: 722
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Reparations affected many different countries in Europe mainly Germany, France, Britain and Russia. ... France wanted the most money from Germany and wanted to destroy her. ... The treaty resulted in Russia claming reparations from Germany and Germany claming compensation from Russia from the time of the revolution. ... As a result of this France occupied the Rhur. ... At the end of 1928 the Dawes plan was due to end it was replaced by the Young plan. ...

• Word Count: 736
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

At the outbreak of "the war to end all wars--World War I- Hitler volunteered into the Bohemian Army (Bohemia is in the south west part of Germany) and served diligently as a Corporal for four years earning him many medals including the distinguished Iron Cross award for bravery in battle. ... Hitler like many other Germans were bitter and disgusted by the mere thought or concept that their arch-rival for years and years, the French, have beaten the mighty German war machine under the command of the majestic Kaiser Wilhelm. Hitler was more than upset that the French, American, British, Ru...

• Word Count: 1693
• Approx Pages: 7

Austria-Hungary signed war pact with Germany while Serbia with Russia (U.S.S.R) France and Britain (The Alliance). The Great War ended with the Germans signing the treaty of Versailles to the Alliance on the 28th of June 1919, which was exactly five years after the death of Archduke Francis Ferdinand. ... The countries that had powers then were Britain, France, America and Russia. World War one was the beginning of a new revolution; it was also one of the reasons World War two occurred. ... But World War 2 was not necessary, if it hadn't been for how World War 1 had ended, World War 2 w...

• Word Count: 684
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

While the Habsburg was weakened by the revolutions of 1848, Prussia took these years to develop into a great power. ... He helped Russians in crushing the revolution to make the czar of Russia towards his side in the process of unification. ... Bismarck knew that the Habsburgs were injured internally by the revolutions of 1848, so he took this dispute to drag Austria on the field. ... Bismarck reacted by sending troops to take the northern states and at last a victory at the end, showing that he was "blood thirsty". ... If Austria were severely injured, she would become the ally of France and ...

• Word Count: 956
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

Therefore France and Britain helped Greece become a nation-state. ... Mazzni lead Young Italy during the revolution in the 1840's to throw out other European nations that controlled Italy. ... France and Austria attempted to block Cavour from gaining any more land. Cavour convinced France to allay with him in order to defeat Austria. ... At one blow, let us end the sufferings of centuries. ...

• Word Count: 1022
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

At the end of World War One, Germany had many problems. ... Hitler shot his pistol in the middle of Kahr's speech and shouted, "The national revolution has begun." The "revolution" began when Hitler lied to the people saying the Bavarian Trumimvirate, Kahr, Lossow, and Seisser had joined forces with him. ... Speaking to his Generals in October 1939, Hitler said, "If it becomes clear that Britain and under its leadership France also, are not prepared to end the war I am determined to go on the offensive without delay." ... After the French surrender, Hitler attempted to end the war with Br...

• Word Count: 3236
• Approx Pages: 13
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

Nazism, or National Socialism, was born at the end of World War One. The war had ended on the 11th of November 1918, when Germany had signed an armistice. ... The French had come to collect their reparations, even amid widespread German poverty and squalor. ... By the end of the 1920s, Germany was impoverished again. ... However, the revolution had already begun for the Nazis. ...

• Word Count: 1809
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: High School

History Coursework - World War One 1) Sources A, B and C are war recruitment posters published by various governments with the aim of influencing more people to volunteer for armed service in the war. Sources A and B are an earlier type of source, depending on the patriotic fervour that swept Britain at the war's outset, portraying enlistment as a duty to the country and empire. The posters themselves being of an accusatory nature, demanding from the reader "What did you do in the war?" and that they should "Go!", the fighting taking a crusade-like facade in which the only way...

• Word Count: 6124
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Louis XIV and Adolf Hitler are two leaders that had the greatest impacts on France and Germany, respectively. ... He went on to fight in World War One for Germany, after the war ended he joined the German Workers" Party in 1919. ... Louis finally tamed the French nobility, but in doing so he became their captive. ... Their alliance led to their mutual destruction in the revolution. ... "The boycott of Jewish stores in April 1933 marked the beginning of a downward spiral for Jews that would eventually end in the gas chambers at Auschwitz." ...

• Word Count: 1713
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography

However, although German nationalism had been around for so long, nothing had ever come of it, as the Revolution' of 1848 showed. ... Then, determined to exert Prussian dominance over German area, including Austria, and foreseeing war, Bismarck set up important alliances with Italy, who eventually provoked Austria into war, and France, who thought they would gain territory and power at the end of what Napoleon thought must surely be a long power struggle between them, and so were to remain neutral. However the Austro-Prussian war ended quickly in a decisive victory for Austria, leav...

• Word Count: 1748
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Hitler saw this party as a vehicle to reach his political ends. ... In January 1923, French and Belgian troops marched into Germany to settle a dispute. ... Hitler held a rally at a Munich beer hall and proclaimed a revolution. ... Invading Poland pushed France and England to declare war on Germany. ... In 1944 the Allies invaded Europe at Normandy Beach on the French coast; German cities were destroyed by bombs. ...

• Word Count: 980
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: High School

In revolution, there is a rapid and fundamental change of both the state and class structure (Danziger, 2001,269). ... Humanity witnessed this in the English, French, and American revolutions. ... Sederberg mentions the tragic choices and tragic outcomes, whether the violence occurs for a revolution or not. He is more skeptical about the issue of the American Revolution. ... By the end of the nineteenth century, the nation-state doctrine had become enshrined in a general principle that all nations would have the right to self determination. ...

• Word Count: 2324
• Approx Pages: 9
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This not only meant that if a president was unnsuccessful and unpopular, he could not be removed from power for an extroadinarily lengthy term, but also, as the president knew there he was able to stand for another term, he may see no need, especially nearing the end of his term, to impress the public or work dedicatedly for his country. ... The first major problem facing the Weimar Government was the Revolution in Munich, that began on 21st February when a rightist student shot the Bavarian Minister President, Kurt Eisner - just weeks after the first National Assembly was called into sessio...

• Word Count: 740
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Second, France and Belgium had sent troops to occupy the Rhur valley of Germany. ... On November 8, 1923, at a rally in a Munich beer hall, Hitler proclaimed a Nazi revolution. ... As a result the revolution failed. ... He and his Nazi party still have followers today, hopefully not to the same end....

• Word Count: 1374
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

The early 1300s saw a scientific and technological revolution that changed forever not only the Medieval view of time, but the artistic representation of it. ... This tends to blend the past, present and future into a cyclical view, which regards the future as naught but the End of Times, even the distant past as relatively recent, and the present as everything in the eyes of God (Camille 74-94). ... A 15th century French translation of Suso's manuscript contains this illuminated miniature (Fig 1, Brussels, Bibliotheque Royale, Ms. ... This image was illuminated on parchment amongst thirt...

• Word Count: 1293
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The communist ideology and the western reaction to it had not changed by the end of the World War II. ... As troops returned to their native countries following the end of the war, many were greeted with thoughts of displacement and unemployment. ... Conflict and mistrust between the West and the Soviet Union is possible to trace as far back as 1917 when the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia led to the creation of the world's first communist state. ... The official ideology of the USSR stated the inevitability of conflict with western capitalist states and class struggle would lead to a wo...

• Word Count: 3287
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Then would come the subjugation of France in the west, to protect its rear. ... In 1920 Hitler's greatest enemy was France, but Germany in its miserable position, was in no way able to tackle the strongest military power on the continent. ... And on August 1st of the same year "we must use everything we can, especially the differences between France and Italy, in order to win Italy over to our side." ... First, Hitler still considered France Germany's primary opponent, realizing that its position on the continent meant immediate danger. ...

• Word Count: 8102
• Approx Pages: 32
• Grade Level: High School