The total number of slaves imported by the Portuguese is estimated at around 4.2 million- excluding those who met their fatal end during the middle passage- and their economy dramatically flourished during their time as the leader of transatlantic trade7. ... France was a predominant figure in the trading and exploitation of African slaves, in the ten years spanning 1720-30 French ships took over 85,0008 enslaved Africans to the plantations in the Americas. ... The centrality of the transatlantic slave trade to the economic growth in France was notably highlighted by C.L.R. ... The French Revo...

• Word Count: 2679
• Approx Pages: 11
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

From England came the masterful work of Edward Gibbon, combining erudition with the philosophical concerns of the 18th cent. on the rise and decline of civilization. 10 The end of the century also brought the budding of archaeology out of antiquarianism and of philology out of classical scholarship. ... In France, modern academic history began with Numa Denis Fustel de Coulanges. ... Macaulay in England, and Jules Michelet in France. ...

• Word Count: 9269
• Approx Pages: 37

The end result of Imperialism/ colonialism had a negative effect on every aspect of African society. ... When World War 1 ended, African soldiers often received little or no compensations for lost limbs or battle injuries (www.dw.de). ... The British ultimatum of 1890 was imposed upon King Carlos 1 of Portugal and Portuguese colonialism in Africa ended (www.oxfordbibliographies.com). ... In French colonies they allowed properly trained Africans to assume subordinate posts, and in special circumstances become French citizens. ... In Africa they are used to describe the different stages of Euro...

• Word Count: 3051
• Approx Pages: 12
• Has Bibliography

History Coursework - World War One 1) Sources A, B and C are war recruitment posters published by various governments with the aim of influencing more people to volunteer for armed service in the war. Sources A and B are an earlier type of source, depending on the patriotic fervour that swept Britain at the war's outset, portraying enlistment as a duty to the country and empire. The posters themselves being of an accusatory nature, demanding from the reader "What did you do in the war?" and that they should "Go!", the fighting taking a crusade-like facade in which the only way...

• Word Count: 6124
• Approx Pages: 24
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In the end, according to Joll, in July "events were moving too fast for the diplomats because the decisions were now more and more being taken by the soldiers." ... France and Russia had their own pact. ... The British were involved in the usual strategic planning aiming at securing their access to the Empire and, in the end, the arms race "contributed to the feeling that war was inevitable." ... Although economic interest had often lead to strategic frictions between the Great Powers, in the end "economic interests were not too much [ ] in the minds of the politicians" in July 1914. ... In th...

• Word Count: 4114
• Approx Pages: 16
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Britain `s pre-eminence in production and consumption of iron and steel ended by 1880, when production was surpassed most notably Germany & USA. ... Years United Kingdom Germany France U.S.A 1890 3,579 2,195 670 4,275 1896 4,133 4,745 1,160 5,282 1900 4,901 6,260 1,540 10,188 Steel Production (In thousands of tons) (3) The table graphically illustrates that although Britain was overtaken by her main competitors, she was still increasing her production of steel during these years. ...

• Word Count: 3250
• Approx Pages: 13
• Grade Level: Undergraduate