Consequently, the Eastern Orthodox faith, one of the major Christian religious denominations, perceives the inclusion of icons within their divine liturgies to offer a window on heaven from which the archetype of the image is able to affect the earthly world. In the practice of its holy rituals, Orthodox theology attests that "the icon [is] the true key to understanding the Orthodox dogma"(Benz 19). ... In fact, to this day the archaic iconophile victory over the iconomache is customarily celebrated on the first Sunday of Lent; the Sunday of Orthodoxy.1 Unlike the many different artworks o...

• Word Count: 1091
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

This marks a shift from an earlier stance, one that continued in the Eastern tradition, of beginning with God the Father as the source of all that is . ... They sought alternative sources of inspiration, in particular drawing deep from the wells of the Eastern Orthodox tradition. ... How do these differ from the Eastern position and those of current theological communication? ... This does not necessarily mean the exclusion of the economic trinity, the key feature of the eastern tradition, but certainly shifted its focus. ...

• Word Count: 911
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

They created the Eastern Orthodox religion, they preserved almost all of the Greek artifacts we have currently, and Justinian's Corpus iuris civilis became the foundation of nearly all European law and legal practice. The Eastern Orthodox Church's members number over 250 million worldwide, many of which are in the United States. There have been many efforts to establish a single American Orthodox church, but no union has been created. In 1950, several Eastern Orthodox denominations joined with Protestant groups in the formation of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in...

• Word Count: 479
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Coptic Orthodox Church The Church that I chose to do my assignment on, is the Coptic Orthodox Church. ... Church services throughout the world of Coptic Orthodox are still said in this traditional Coptic language which dates back to the creation of the church during Mark's era. Countries In 1992 there were over nine million Coptic Orthodox followers throughout Egypt (Not bad considering the population of Egypt at this time was fifty-seven million). ... Australia In Australia and the Pacific there are two Coptic Orthodox Dioceses. ... Feast Days and Holy Days Finding feast days...

• Word Count: 1113
• Approx Pages: 4
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

When the Mongol army approached a clan on the eastern Kievan Rus border, the clan asked the princes for assistance. ... While ruling their territories from the Mongol's eastern capital, darugi had to implement a procedure so they could adequately tax a territory based on their population. ... Such apparent hopelessness opened the window for the Orthodox Church. ... Basically, the Mongols exempted the Orthodox Church from any and all taxation. ... Originally, pre-Mongolian invasion, the hub for the Orthodox Church was in Kiev. ...

• Word Count: 1372
• Approx Pages: 5
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Since the permanent dividing of the Roman Empire in 395 ad, eastern rulers viewed themselves as the emperors of Rome. ... During the years of the Byzantine Empire, differences occurred between the eastern and western parts of the church. ... Well in 730 Emperor Leo 3rd banned the use of religious images used by eastern Christians. ... Therefore they split and had the Roman Catholic Church in the west, while the Orthodox Church was in the east. ... Slavs were people on the Black Sea that were converted by the Orthodox Christians....

• Word Count: 434
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

The Ukraine is a country in South Eastern Europe, which borders on the Black Sea. ... The religion in the Ukraine is mostly Ukrainian Orthodox. ... People who are Ukrainian Orthodox celebrate Christmas on January 7. ... The leader of the Orthodox church is not the Pope. The Orthodox church is led by the Bishops. ...

• Word Count: 652
• Approx Pages: 3
• Grade Level: High School

Turkmenistan is a small country with 4,603,244 people. The population is growing at 1.85%. Currently, the life expectancy is 61 years. The literacy rate is 98%. The ethnicity of the Turkmen (the nationality) is made up of Turkmen 77%, Uzbek 9.2%, Russian 6.7%, Kazakh 2%, other 5.1%. 89% of Tur...

• Word Count: 190
• Approx Pages: 1
• Grade Level: High School

McNeill, Herbert Feis, and Thomas Bailey blamed the start of the Cold War on the USSR's resolution to pursue a path of expanding the ideas of communism and a essentially wanting a socialist revolution come alive throughout Eastern Europe and eventually the world. They pointed to evidence of the Soviets objective to support and set up governments in Eastern European countries that reflected not only their communist views, but also the Soviet way of running those governments through a " return to doctrinal belligerence by Russian leaders. ... As the 1950's ended and the world entered t...

• Word Count: 1800
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The people that weren't killed migrated to the eastern and northern parts of the land. ... In contract Justinian's stance in the mosaic shows him holding a piece of bread which the Orthodox believed could be transformed in to the Body of Christ at Mass (HR. 305), and he is dressed in purple and gold which are considered regal colors. ... Procopius also has a disdain for how Justinian left the Eastern Roman empire, places of worship were destroyed the common hard working people "far quitted the land of their fathers, and fled the country"(Atwater). ... His truth would hav...

• Word Count: 518
• Approx Pages: 2
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: High School

The Byzantine Empire, the Greek eastern section of the old Roman Empire, survived the disintegration of the Latin West by approximately a thousand years. ... Instead, the Crusaders of Western Europe invaded and sacked the Christian city of Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire. ... The city itself remained prosperous as the Muslim capital in the Ottoman period, but the Christian Eastern Orthodoxy period ended at this time. ... The Hagias Sophia served as the Eastern Orthodox cathedral and seat of the Patriarchate of Constantinople. This church once served as the Or...

• Word Count: 1614
• Approx Pages: 6
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It's a mixture of either eastern or western religions. ... In the Christians, 59% is Protestants, 27% is Catholic, and 1% is Eastern Orthodox. ... Catholics mainly came from eastern European countries, like Romania, Hungary, etc. People who believe in Eastern Orthodox mainly came from Russia. ...

• Word Count: 1358
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

(Sacred Destinations, 2005) Orthodox Jews maintain that God gave the Torah, in its entirety, to Moses at Mount Sinai. ... (International Fellowship of Christians and Jews of Australia, 2014) Praying at the Wall is the primary activity for Orthodox Jews, particularly men and with the belief that the divine presence is still resident in some ways behind the stones, they often place written prayers and petitions in the cracks in the walls. ... (Sinclair, 2009) Often classified as "pure" pilgrims, Orthodox and Ultra-Orthodox Jews consider the Wall as a focal point to observe and partic...

• Word Count: 2466
• Approx Pages: 10
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

And indeed in that period of the interregnum there was very little life or light in either the orthodox Christianity of Rome or in the orthodox tame churches of Russia and of the Protestant princes. ... From the Gulf of Finland to the Eastern Ocean, Russia now assumes the form of a powerful and civilized empire. ...

• Word Count: 2009
• Approx Pages: 8
• Grade Level: Graduate

He brings this up so that the reader may eventually link how the early differences between West African Islam and orthodox Islam would carry over to the twentieth century during the initiation of new American Islam in the black Community. ... The Indian Ahmadiyya Movement in Islam was one such group that modified orthodox Islam. ...

• Word Count: 3585
• Approx Pages: 14
• Has Bibliography

Before it was over, it had swept the colonies of the Eastern seaboard, transforming the social and religious life of land. ... They believed their souls were started by the "hellfire of the orthodox Calvinism." ...

• Word Count: 427
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School

The Orthodox and Catholic Churches recognize seven sacraments – "Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist, Penance, Anointing of the sick, Matrimony and Holy Orders.... The Council of Chalcedon was the 4th Ecumenical Council by the Roman Catholic Church, Orthodox Church, Eastern Church and other Christian groups. ... The creed was readily accepted by the churches of the west but was rejected some eastern churches. ...

• Word Count: 1243
• Approx Pages: 5
• Grade Level: High School

Some would put the blame entirely on the Soviet Union and argue that the Cold War was the result of its aggression - that is the Orthodox theory. ... He wanted to build up Russian control of the Eastern Europe that was seen by the west as an act of aggression. In 1946 Churchill, who had been the UK wartime Prime Minister spoke of an "Iron Curtain" falling across the Eastern Europe in which Russians now controlled many states. That would be the view of the West in the support of the Orthodox theory. ... However, the West saw Soviet occupation in the Eastern Europe as an act of aggression and fe...

• Word Count: 1778
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Struggle The Catholic Church experienced a split between the eastern and western parts of Europe. ... During the 600s and 700s eastern centers were captured by the dynamic new faith of Islam, with only Constantinople remaining unconquered. ... Medieval Christianity in the West, unlike its eastern counterpart, developed into a single entity. ... During the first centuries of Islam its law and theology, the basic orthodox Islamic disciplines, were developed. ... In the 11th century, attacks on philosophy by orthodox Islamic thinkers, notably the theologian al Ghazali, had much to do with the eve...

• Word Count: 1764
• Approx Pages: 7
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

Introduction No conflict, neither in size nor in scope, is comparable to the Eastern Front, 1941-45. ... This colossal conflict played a decisive role in destroying the Nazi regime: the German armed forces suffered 80% of its military deaths in the Eastern Front. ... In Stalin's words the Eastern Front was a "war of the entire Soviet people." ...

• Word Count: 2415
• Approx Pages: 10
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

The East-West division resulted in the Eastern Churches becoming Orthodox (1054). ... Ecumenical docents such as the Decree on Ecumenism (1964), Decree on the Catholic Churches of Eastern Rite (1964) and the Declaration on the Relation of the Church to Non-Christian churches of 1965 are examples of the Churches participation in ecumenical movement. ...

• Word Count: 953
• Approx Pages: 4
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

If it followed the pattern of Middle Eastern history up to that point, Islam would have been virtually discarded after its leader's death. ... Middle Eastern leadership, prior to Mohammed, was capricious at its best. ... Leaders of the three major non-Muslim religions, Greek Orthodox, Armenian Christianity, and Judaism, resided in Istanbul and collected taxes which were handed over to the state. ...

• Word Count: 2157
• Approx Pages: 9
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

In addition to numerous scattered groups, two main schools of systematic gnostic thought seem to have existed in the second century the Basilideans and the Valentinians, the latter divided into Eastern and Western branches. ... In my understanding of the gnosis and how it differed from the Orthodox teachings of Christianity deals with the resurrection of Christ. ... This was the position that the early fathers of the orthodox church supported. One of the early Christian writers Quintus Septimus Florens Tertullianus who was the initiator of ecclesiastical Latin defined the orthodox position: ...

• Word Count: 1846
• Approx Pages: 7
• Has Bibliography
• Grade Level: Undergraduate

It proved lineages between Middle-Eastern and Ethiopian people in that region nearly 3,000 years ago (Krakauer, 15). ... The Ethiopian Orthodox Christians believe in the ark's presence and for religion; belief is enough. ...

• Word Count: 638
• Approx Pages: 3
• Has Bibliography

It is known as the Eastern European concentration for witchcraft and occultism. While the official state church of Romania (Orthodox Church) has some presence in the region, many of the villages are absent any type church. ...

• Word Count: 520
• Approx Pages: 2
• Grade Level: High School